Principality of Fürstenberg

County of Furstenberg. Principality of Furstenberg
Grafschaft Fürstenberg, Fürstentum Fürstenberg
State of the Holy Roman Empire
1218–1408
Coat of arms
Fürstenberg territories in 1806
Capital		Fürstenberg
Languages		Alemannic
Government		Principality
Historical era		Middle Ages Early modern time
•	Count Egino IV of Urach     inherited Zähringen	1218
•	Partitioned into     Fürstenberg and     Wolfach	1408
Preceded by Succeeded by House of Zähringen Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg Fürstenberg-Wolfach

Fürstenberg was a county (German: Graftschaft) and, later, a principality (Fürstentum) of the Holy Roman Empire in Swabia, present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Its ruling family was the House of Fürstenberg (princely family).

History

The county emerged when Egino IV, count of Urach by marriage, inherited large parts of the Duchy of Zähringen upon the death of Duke Berthold V in 1218, and was originally called the county of Freiburg. Egino's grandson Count Henry started naming himself after his residence at Fürstenberg Castle around 1250.

The county was partitioned in 1284 between itself and the lower county of Dillingen, and then again in 1408 between Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg and Fürstenberg-Wolfach.

Over the centuries, the various counts and Princes expanded their territories to include the Landgraviate of Baar, the Lordships of Gundelfingen, Hausen, Heiligenberg, Höwen, and Meßkirch, and the Landgraviate of Stühlingen in Germany; as well as domains around Křivoklát Castle (German: Pürglitz), Bohemia, Tavíkovice (German: Taikowitz) in Moravia and Weitra in Austria.

In 1667, Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was raised to a principality and received a vote at the Reichstag. In 1744, various Fürstenberg territories were reunified to the Principality of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg, as all lines except one had become extinct.

The Rheinbundakte of 1806 dissolved Fürstenberg. Most of its territory was given to Baden; smaller parts were given to Württemberg, Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, and Bavaria.

Geography

As of 1806, Fürstenberg had an area of 20,000 km² and a population of 100,000. Its capital was Donaueschingen.

As of 1789, the territory consisted of five larger, isolated parts as well as several smaller exclaves. The five larger parts were:

• Around Donaueschingen, including the Landgraviate of Baar and the Lordship of Höwen as well as Fürstenberg Castle. Cities include Donaueschingen, Hüfingen, Engen, Neustadt. Bordered by Austria, Württemberg, the Abbacy of St. Blaise and others. Given to Baden.
• The Lordship of Hausen. Cities: Hausach, Wolfach, Haslach. Bordered by: Bishopric of Strasbourg, Württemberg, Austria, Hohengeroldseck, Imperial City of Zell, Imperial Valley of Harmersbach. Given to Baden.
• The Landgraviate of Stühlingen. Cities: Stühlingen. Bordered by: Abbacy of St. Blaise, Switzerland, Landgraviate of Klettgau. Given to Baden.
• Around Meßkirch. Cities: Meßkirch. Bordered by: Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Abbacy of Zwiefalten, Austria, Abbacy of Buchau, and others. Given to Baden and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.
• County of Heiligenberg. Bordered by: Königsegg, Abbacy of Weingarten, Austria, Lake Constance, Bishopric of Constance, Abbacy of Salmannsweiler, Imperial City of Überlingen, Imperial City of Pfullendorf, and others. Given to Baden.

Smaller exclaves included the cities of Trochtelfingen and Hayingen.

Counts of Fürstenberg (1250 - 1408)

• Henry I, Count of Fürstenberg (1250–1284)
• Frederick I, Count of Fürstenberg (1284–1296)
• Henry II, Count of Fürstenberg (1296–1337)
• Conrad III, Count of Fürstenberg (1337–1370) with...
• Henry IV, Count of Fürstenberg (1337–1366) with...
• John II, Count of Fürstenberg (1337–1365) with...
• Henry VI, Count of Fürstenberg 1365 - 1408)

States of Fürstenberg

• County of Fürstenberg (1250–1408)
• County of Dillingen (1284–1386)
  • County of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg (1408–1441, 1704–1716), Principality of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg (1716–1804)
    • County of Fürstenberg-Geisingen (1441–1483)
    • County of Fürstenberg-Baar (1441–1559)
      • County of Fürstenberg-Möhringen (1599–1641)
      • County of Fürstenberg-Blumberg (1559–1614)
        • County of Fürstenberg-Messkirch (1614–1716), Principality of Fürstenberg-Messkirch (1716–1744)
        • County of Fürstenberg-Stühlingen (1614–1704)
          • County of Fürstenberg-Weitra (1705–1806)
            • County of Fürstenberg-Taikowitz (1759–1806)
      • County of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg (1559–1664), Principality of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg (1664–1716)
        • County of Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen (1617–1698)
    • Principality of Fürstenberg-Pürglitz (1762–1806)
  • County of Fürstenberg-Wolfach (1408–1490)

Notes

References

• Where were the Fürstenberg territories? Map of the German Southwest in 1789
• Köbler, Gerhard (2007). Historisches Lexikon der deutschen Länder (7th ed.). Munich.  Fürstenberg article.
•  Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Fürstenberg". Encyclopedia Americana.