Erwin Jaenecke

Erwin Jaenecke
Born 22 April 1890
Freren, German Empire
Died 3 July 1960 (1960-07-04) (aged 70)
Köln, West Germany
Allegiance  German Empire (to 1918)
 Weimar Republic (to 1933)
 Nazi Germany (to 1945)
Service/branch Heer
Years of service 1911–45
Rank Generaloberst
Commands held 17th Army
Battles/wars

World War I

World War II
Awards Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Order of Michael the Brave

Erwin Jaenecke (22 April 1890 – 3 July 1960), was a German general during World War II.

Erwin Jaenecke fought in the First World War and started the Second World War as Oberquartiermeister with the 8th Armee in Poland. Later he served in Belgium and France.

On the Eastern Front, he served as commander of the 389th infantry Division and later the IV. Armeekorps. He was wounded at the Battle of Stalingrad and flown out as one of the last higher officers.[1]

In April 1943 he commanded the LXXXII Army Corps, and from 25 June the 17th Army in the Caucasus and later the Crimean Peninsula. In a 29 April 1944 meeting with Adolf Hitler in Berchtesgaden, Jaenecke insisted that Sevastopol should be evacuated and his cut off Army of 235.000 men withdrawn. He was relieved of his command afterward.

Later, he was held responsible for the loss of Crimea, arrested in Romania and court-martialed. Heinz Guderian was appointed as a special investigator in the case. Guderian proceeded slowly and eventually Jaenecke was quietly acquitted in June 1944. Jaenecke was dismissed from the army on 31 January 1945. On 15 June 1945 he was arrested by the Soviet authorities and sentenced to death. His sentence was commuted to 25 years of hard labor. He was released in 1955.

Awards

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Adam, Wilhelm; Ruhle, Otto (2015). With Paulus at Stalingrad. Translated by Tony Le Tissier. Pen and Sword Books Ltd. p. 189. ISBN 9781473833869.
  2. ↑ Scherzer 2007, p. 416.

Bibliography

  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6. 
  • Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8. 
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2. 
Military offices
Preceded by
—		 Commander of 389. Infanterie-Division
1 February 1942 – 1 November 1942 		Succeeded by
Generalmajor Erich Magnus
Preceded by
Richard Ruoff		 Commander of 17. Armee
25 June 1943 – 1 March 1944 		Succeeded by
Ferdinand Schörner
Preceded by
Ferdinand Schörner		 Commander of 17. Armee
1 April 1944 – 28 April 1944 		Succeeded by
Karl Allmendinger
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