Windows-1252

This article is about the character encoding commonly mislabeled as "ANSI". For the actual ANSI character encoding, see ASCII.

Windows-1252 or CP-1252 is a character encoding of the Latin alphabet, used by default in the legacy components of Microsoft Windows in English and some other Western languages. It is one version within the group of Windows code pages.

Details

This character encoding is a superset of ISO 8859-1 in terms of printable characters, but differs from the IANA's ISO-8859-1 by using displayable characters rather than control characters in the 80 to 9F (hex) range. Notable additional characters include curly quotation marks and all the printable characters that are in ISO 8859-15. It is known to Windows by the code page number 1252, and by the IANA-approved name "windows-1252".

It is very common to mislabel Windows-1252 text with the charset label ISO-8859-1. A common result was that all the quotes and apostrophes (produced by "smart quotes" in word-processing software) were replaced with question marks or boxes on non-Windows operating systems, making text difficult to read. Most modern web browsers and e-mail clients treat the media type charset ISO-8859-1 as Windows-1252 to accommodate such mislabeling. This is now standard behavior in the HTML5 specification, which requires that documents advertised as ISO-8859-1 actually be parsed with the Windows-1252 encoding.[1] As of November 2016, 0.9% of all web sites used Windows-1252,[2][3] but at the same time 5.7% used ISO 8859-1,[2] which by HTML5 standards should be considered the same encoding, so that 6.6% of web sites effectively used Windows-1252.

Historically, the phrase "ANSI Code Page" (ACP) is used in Windows to refer to various code pages considered as native. The intention was that most of these would be ANSI standards such as ISO-8859-1. Even though Windows-1252 was the first and by far most popular code page named so in Microsoft Windows parlance, the code page has never been an ANSI standard. Microsoft explains, "The term ANSI as used to signify Windows code pages is a historical reference, but is nowadays a misnomer that continues to persist in the Windows community."[4]

In LaTeX packages, CP-1252 is referred to as "ansinew".

Code page layout

The following table shows Windows-1252. Each character is shown with its Unicode equivalent and its decimal code. Conversions to Unicode are based on the Unicode.org mapping of Windows-1252 with "best fit".[5]

Legend:

  Alphabetic
  Control character
  Numeric digit
  Punctuation

  Extended punctuation
  Graphic character
  International
  Undefined

  Differences from ISO-8859-1
Windows-1252 (CP1252)
_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
 
0_
 
NUL
0000
0
SOH
0001
1
STX
0002
2
ETX
0003
3
EOT
0004
4
ENQ
0005
5
ACK
0006
6
BEL
0007
7
BS
0008
8
HT
0009
9
LF
000A
10
VT
000B
11
FF
000C
12
CR
000D
13
SO
000E
14
SI
000F
15
 
1_
 
DLE
0010
16
DC1
0011
17
DC2
0012
18
DC3
0013
19
DC4
0014
20
NAK
0015
21
SYN
0016
22
ETB
0017
23
CAN
0018
24
EM
0019
25
SUB
001A
26
ESC
001B
27
FS
001C
28
GS
001D
29
RS
001E
30
US
001F
31
 
2_
 
SP
0020
32
!
0021
33
"
0022
34
#
0023
35
$
0024
36
%
0025
37
&
0026
38
'
0027
39
(
0028
40
)
0029
41
*
002A
42
+
002B
43
,
002C
44
-
002D
45
.
002E
46
/
002F
47
 
3_
 
0
0030
48
1
0031
49
2
0032
50
3
0033
51
4
0034
52
5
0035
53
6
0036
54
7
0037
55
8
0038
56
9
0039
57
:
003A
58
;
003B
59
<
003C
60
=
003D
61
>
003E
62
?
003F
63
 
4_
 
@
0040
64
A
0041
65
B
0042
66
C
0043
67
D
0044
68
E
0045
69
F
0046
70
G
0047
71
H
0048
72
I
0049
73
J
004A
74
K
004B
75
L
004C
76
M
004D
77
N
004E
78
O
004F
79
 
5_
 
P
0050
80
Q
0051
81
R
0052
82
S
0053
83
T
0054
84
U
0055
85
V
0056
86
W
0057
87
X
0058
88
Y
0059
89
Z
005A
90
[
005B
91
\
005C
92
]
005D
93
^
005E
94
_
005F
95
 
6_
 
`
0060
96
a
0061
97
b
0062
98
c
0063
99
d
0064
100
e
0065
101
f
0066
102
g
0067
103
h
0068
104
i
0069
105
j
006A
106
k
006B
107
l
006C
108
m
006D
109
n
006E
110
o
006F
111
 
7_
 
p
0070
112
q
0071
113
r
0072
114
s
0073
115
t
0074
116
u
0075
117
v
0076
118
w
0077
119
x
0078
120
y
0079
121
z
007A
122
{
007B
123
|
007C
124
}
007D
125
~
007E
126
DEL
007F
127
 
8_
 

20AC
128
 
201A
130
ƒ
0192
131

201E
132

2026
133

2020
134

2021
135
ˆ
02C6
136

2030
137
Š
0160
138

2039
139
Œ
0152
140
  Ž
017D
142
 
 
9_
 
 
2018
145

2019
146

201C
147

201D
148

2022
149

2013
150

2014
151
 ˜ 
02DC
152

2122
153
š
0161
154

203A
155
œ
0153
156
  ž
017E
158
Ÿ
0178
159
 
A_
 
NBSP
00A0
160
¡
00A1
161
¢
00A2
162
£
00A3
163
¤
00A4
164
¥
00A5
165
¦
00A6
166
§
00A7
167
¨
00A8
168
©
00A9
169
ª
00AA
170
«
00AB
171
¬
00AC
172
SHY
00AD
173
®
00AE
174
¯
00AF
175
 
B_
 
°
00B0
176
±
00B1
177
²
00B2
178
³
00B3
179
´
00B4
180
µ
00B5
181

00B6
182
·
00B7
183
¸
00B8
184
¹
00B9
185
º
00BA
186
»
00BB
187
¼
00BC
188
½
00BD
189
¾
00BE
190
¿
00BF
191
 
C_
 
À
00C0
192
Á
00C1
193
Â
00C2
194
Ã
00C3
195
Ä
00C4
196
Å
00C5
197
Æ
00C6
198
Ç
00C7
199
È
00C8
200
É
00C9
201
Ê
00CA
202
Ë
00CB
203
Ì
00CC
204
Í
00CD
205
Î
00CE
206
Ï
00CF
207
 
D_
 
Ð
00D0
208
Ñ
00D1
209
Ò
00D2
210
Ó
00D3
211
Ô
00D4
212
Õ
00D5
213
Ö
00D6
214
×
00D7
215
Ø
00D8
216
Ù
00D9
217
Ú
00DA
218
Û
00DB
219
Ü
00DC
220
Ý
00DD
221
Þ
00DE
222
ß
00DF
223
 
E_
 
à
00E0
224
á
00E1
225
â
00E2
226
ã
00E3
227
ä
00E4
228
å
00E5
229
æ
00E6
230
ç
00E7
231
è
00E8
232
é
00E9
233
ê
00EA
234
ë
00EB
235
ì
00EC
236
í
00ED
237
î
00EE
238
ï
00EF
239
 
F_
 
ð
00F0
240
ñ
00F1
241
ò
00F2
242
ó
00F3
243
ô
00F4
244
õ
00F5
245
ö
00F6
246
÷
00F7
247
ø
00F8
248
ù
00F9
249
ú
00FA
250
û
00FB
251
ü
00FC
252
ý
00FD
253
þ
00FE
254
ÿ
00FF
255
_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F

According to the information on Microsoft's and the Unicode Consortium's websites, positions 81, 8D, 8F, 90, and 9D are unused; however, the Windows API MultiByteToWideChar maps these to the corresponding C1 control codes. The "best fit" mapping documents this behavior, too.[5]

History

See also

References

  1. "Encoding". WHATWG. 27 January 2015. sec. 5.2 Names and labels. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Historical trends in the usage of character encodings, October 2016".
  3. "Frequenty Asked Questions".
  4. Wissink, Cathy (5 April 2002). "Unicode and Windows XP" (PDF). Microsoft. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  5. 1 2 "Unicode mappings of Windows-1252 with 'Best Fit'". Unicode. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
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