Chang-Du dialect

Chang-Du
Nanchang
Native to China
Region Northwestern Jiangxi
Language codes
ISO 639-3
ISO 639-6 cagj
Glottolog chan1317[1]

Chang-Du or Chang-Jing dialect, sometimes called Nanchang dialect (simplified Chinese: 南昌话; traditional Chinese: 南昌話; pinyin: nánchāng huà) after its principal variety, is a dialect of Gan Chinese. It is named after Nanchang and Duchang County, and is spoken in those areas as well as in Xinjian, Anyi, Yongxiu, De'an, Xingzi, Hukou, and bordering regions in Jiangxi and in Pingjiang County, Hunan.

Phonetics and phonology

The Nanchang variety will be taken as representative.

Initials

Bilabial Dental/
Alveolar
Alveolo-
palatal
Velar Glottal
Nasal m
m
ɲ
gn
ŋ
ng
Plosive plain p
b
t
d
k
g
aspirated
p

t

k
Affricate plain ts
dz

j
aspirated tsʰ
ts
tɕʰ
ch
Fricative ɸ
f
s
s
ɕ
sh
h
h
Lateral l
l

Finals

The finals of the Nanchang dialect are:[2]

- -i -u -n -t -k
- a
ɔ
ɛ
ɹ̩
ə
ai
əi
au
ɛu
əu
an
ɔn
ɛn
ən

ɔŋ

at
ɔt
ɛt
ət
ak
ɔk
uk
鹿
-i- ia

i
iɛu
iu
iɛn
in
iaŋ
iɔŋ
iuŋ
iɛt
it
iak
iɔk
iuk
-u- ua


u
uai
ui
uan
uɔn
un
uaŋ
uɔŋ
uat
uɔt
uɛt
ut
uak
uɔk
-y-
y
yɔn
yn
yɔt
yt

Consonantal codas

consonantal finals -p -t -k -m -n -ng
IPA [-p] [-t] [-k] [-m] [-n] [-ŋ]
Example
Syllabic nasals

ŋ̩

Tones

Nanchang has 5 tones, which are neutralized before a syllable-final stop.

Citation tones

Tone chart of Nanchang Gan
Tone number Tone name Tone contour Description
1 yin ping (陰平) ˦˨ (42) falling
2 yang ping (陽平) ˨˦ (24) rising
3 shang sheng (上聲) ˨˩˧ (213) dipping
4 yin qu (陰去) ˥ (5) high
5 yang qu (陽去) ˨˩ (21) low
6 ru sheng (入聲) ˥̚ (5) checked
7 ru sheng (入聲) ˨̚ (2) checked

References

  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Chang-Jing". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Yan (2006), pp. 150–151, based on Hanyu Fangyin Zihui.
  • Běijīng dàxué zhōngguóyǔyánwénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzìgǎigé chūbǎnshè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
  • Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
  • Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)


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