Canned Heat

Canned Heat
Performing on September 7, 1979, at the Woodstock Reunion 1979, Parr Meadows, Ridge, New York
Background information
Origin	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres	Blues rock boogie rock
Years active	1965–present
Labels	Liberty Ruf United Artists Rhino
Associated acts	John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers John Lee Hooker
Website	cannedheatmusic.com
Members	Larry "The Mole" Taylor Adolfo "Fito" de la Parra Harvey "The Snake" Mandel Dale Spalding
Past members	See former members section

Canned Heat is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1965. The group has been noted for its interpretations of blues material and for its efforts to promote interest in this type of music and its original artists. It was launched by two blues enthusiasts, Alan Wilson and Bob Hite, who took the name from Tommy Johnson's 1928 "Canned Heat Blues", a song about an alcoholic who had desperately turned to drinking Sterno, generically called "canned heat". After appearances at the Monterey and Woodstock festivals at the end of the 1960s, the band acquired worldwide fame with a lineup consisting of Bob Hite (vocals), Alan Wilson (guitar, harmonica and vocals), Henry Vestine and later Harvey Mandel (lead guitar), Larry Taylor (bass), and Adolfo de la Parra (drums).

The music and attitude of Canned Heat afforded them a large following and established the band as one of the popular acts of the hippie era. Canned Heat appeared at most major musical events at the end of the 1960s, performing blues standards along with their own material and occasionally indulging in lengthy 'psychedelic' solos. Two of their songs – "Going Up the Country" and "On the Road Again" – became international hits. "Going Up the Country" was a remake of the Henry Thomas song "Bull Doze Blues", recorded in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1927. "On the Road Again" was a cover version of the 1953 Floyd Jones song of the same name, which is reportedly based on the Tommy Johnson song "Big Road Blues", recorded in 1928.

Since the early 1970s, numerous personnel changes have occurred, although the current lineup includes all three surviving members of the classic lineup: de la Parra (who has remained in the band since first joining in 1967), Mandel, and Taylor. For much of the 1990s and 2000s, de la Parra was the only member from the band's 1960s lineup. He wrote a book about the band's career.^[1] Larry Taylor, whose presence in the band has not been steady, is the other surviving member from the earliest lineups. Mandel, Walter Trout and Junior Watson are among the guitarists who gained fame for playing in later editions of the band. British blues pioneer John Mayall found several musicians for his band among former members of Canned Heat.

History

Origins and early lineups

Canned Heat was started within the community of blues collectors. Bob Hite had been trading blues records since his early teens and his house in Topanga Canyon was a meeting place for people interested in music. In 1965 some blues devotees there decided to form a jug band and started rehearsals. The initial configuration comprised Bob Hite as vocalist, Alan Wilson on bottleneck guitar, Mike Perlowin on lead guitar, Stu Brotman on bass and Keith Sawyer on drums. Perlowin and Sawyer dropped out within a few days, so guitarist Kenny Edwards (a friend of Wilson) stepped in to replace Perlowin, and Ron Holmes agreed to sit in on drums until they could find a permanent drummer.

Another of Bob's friends, Vestine (who had been expelled from Frank Zappa's Mothers of Invention for excessive drug use^[2]), asked if he could join the band and was accepted while keeping Edwards on temporarily. Soon Edwards departed (he went on to form the Stone Poneys with Linda Ronstadt) and at the same time Frank Cook came in to replace Holmes as their permanent drummer. Cook already had substantial professional experience, having performed with such jazz luminaries as bassist Charlie Haden, trumpeter Chet Baker, and pianist Elmo Hope and had also collaborated with black soul/pop artists such as Shirley Ellis and Dobie Gray.

Producer Johnny Otis recorded the band's first (unreleased) album in 1966 with the ensemble of Hite, Wilson, Cook, Vestine, and Brotman; but the record was not actually released until 1970 when it appeared as Vintage Heat, released by Janus Records. Otis ran the board for a dozen tracks, including two versions of "Rollin' and Tumblin'" (with and without harmonica), "Spoonful" by Willie Dixon, and "Louise" by John Lee Hooker all from his studio off of Vine Street in Los Angeles. Over a summer hiatus in 1966 Stuart Brotman effectively left Canned Heat after he had signed a contract for a long engagement in Fresno with an Armenian belly-dance revue. Canned Heat had contacted Brotman, touting a recording contract which had to be signed the next day, but Brotman was unable to make the signing on short notice. Brotman would go on to join the world-music band Kaleidoscope with David Lindley, replacing Chris Darrow. Replacing Brotman in Canned Heat was Mark Andes, who lasted only a couple of months before he returned to his former colleagues in the Red Roosters, who adopted the new name Spirits Rebellious, later shortened to Spirit.

After joining up with managers Skip Taylor and John Hartmann, Canned Heat finally found a permanent bassist in Larry Taylor, who joined in March 1967. He was a former member of The Moondogs and the brother of Ventures' drummer, Mel Taylor, and already had experience backing Jerry Lee Lewis and Chuck Berry in concert, and recording studio sessions for The Monkees.^[3]

In this format (Hite, Wilson, Vestine, Taylor, Cook) the band started recording in April 1967 for Liberty Records with Calvin Carter who had been the head of A&R for Vee Jay Records and had recorded such bluesmen as Jimmy Reed, John Lee Hooker.^[4] They recorded "Rollin' and Tumblin'" backed with "Bullfrog Blues" became Canned Heat's first single. The first official album, Canned Heat, was released three months later in July 1967. All tracks were re-workings of older blues songs. The Los Angeles Free Press reported: "This group has it! They should do very well, both live and with their recordings." Canned Heat fared reasonably well commercially, reaching #76 on the Billboard chart.

Rise to fame and formation of the classic lineup

The first big live appearance of Canned Heat was at the Monterey Pop Festival on June 17, 1967. A picture of the band taken at the performance was featured on the cover of Down Beat Magazine where an article complimented their playing: "Technically, Vestine and Wilson are quite possibly the best two-guitar team in the world and Wilson has certainly become our finest white blues harmonica man. Together with powerhouse vocalist Bob Hite, they performed the country and Chicago blues idiom of the 1950s so skillfully and naturally that the question of which race the music belongs to becomes totally irrelevant."^[5] D.A. Pennebaker's documentary captured their rendition of "Rollin and Tumblin" and two other songs from the set, "Bullfrog Blues" and "Dust My Broom", found place later in a boxed CD set in 1992. Canned Heat is also included on an album called Early LA.

Canned Heat also began to garner their notoriety as "the bad boys of rock" for being jailed in Denver, Colorado, after a police informant provided enough evidence for their arrest for drugs (an incident recalled in their song "My Crime"). Band manager Skip Taylor was forced to obtain the $10,000 bail by selling off Canned Heat's publishing rights to Liberty Records president Al Bennett.^[6]

After the Denver incident, Frank Cook was replaced with de la Parra, who had been playing the drums in Bluesberry Jam (the band which evolved into Pacific Gas & Electric). As an official member of Canned Heat, de la Parra played his first gig on December 1, 1967, sharing top billing with the Doors at the Long Beach Auditorium.^[7] This began what de la Parra refers to as the classic and perhaps best known Canned Heat lineup, which recorded some of the band's most famous and well-regarded songs. During this "classic" period, Skip Taylor and John Hartmann introduced the use of band member nicknames:

• Bob "The Bear" Hite
• Alan "Blind Owl" Wilson
• Henry "Sunflower" Vestine (and later Harvey "The Snake" Mandel)
• Larry "The Mole" Taylor
• Adolfo "Fito" de la Parra

Their second released album, Boogie with Canned Heat, included "On the Road Again", an updated version of a 1950s composition by Floyd Jones. "On the Road Again" became the band's break-out song and was a worldwide success, becoming a number one hit in most markets and finally put a blues song on the top charts.^[8] The album also included a twelve-minute version of "Fried Hockey Boogie", (credited to Larry Taylor, but rather obviously derived from John Lee Hooker's "Boogie Chillen" riff) allowed each member to stretch out on his instrument while establishing them with hippie ballroom audiences across America as the "kings of the boogie". Hite's "Amphetamine Annie" (a tune inspired by the drug abuse of an acquaintance), became one of their most enduring songs and one of the first "anti-drug" songs of the decade. Although not featured on the album's artwork, this was the first Canned Heat Album to have featured drummer de la Parra.

With this success Taylor, Hartmann and new associate Gary Essert leased a Hollywood club they named the Kaleidoscope on Sunset Boulevard east of Vine in which Canned Heat essentially became the house band; hosting others such as Jefferson Airplane, Grateful Dead, Buffalo Springfield and Sly and the Family Stone.^[9] Also in 1968, after playing before 80,000 at the first annual Newport Pop Festival in September, Canned Heat left for their first European tour. It entailed a month of concert performances and media engagements that included television appearances on the British show Top of the Pops. They also appeared on the German program Beat Club, where they lip-synched "On the Road Again" as it rose to number one in both countries and in practically all of Europe.^[10]

"Going Up The Country" and Woodstock

In October the band released their third album, Living the Blues, which included their best known song, "Going Up the Country". Wilson's incarnation of Henry Thomas's "Bull-Doze Blues" was almost a note-for-note copy of the original, down to Thomas's instrumental break on the quills which Jim Horn duplicated on flute. Wilson rewrote the lyrics with a simple message that caught the "back-to-nature" attitude of the late 1960s. The song went to #1 in 25 countries around the world (#11 on the U.S national chart) and would go on to become the unofficial theme song of the Woodstock Festival as captured in Michael Wadleigh's 1970 documentary. The album also included a 19-minute experimental track "Parthenogenesis", which was a nine-part sound collage of blues, ragas, jaw-harp sounds, guitar distortion and other electronic effects; all pulled together under the direction of manager/producer, Skip Taylor. Longer still is "Refried Boogie", clocking in at over 40 minutes, recorded live at the Kaleidoscope.

Also recorded live at the Kaleidoscope around this time was the album which would find later 1971 release with the deceptive title, Live At Topanga Corral (later renamed Live at the Kaleidoscope), under Wand Records because Liberty Records did not want to release a live album at the time and manager Skip Taylor did not want a lawsuit.^[11] The band would end 1968 in a big way at a New Year's show at the Shrine Auditorium, in Los Angeles, with Bob Hite riding a painted purple dayglo elephant to the stage.^[12]

In July 1969, just prior to Woodstock, Hallelujah, their fourth album was released. The Melody Maker wrote: "While less ambitious than some of their work, this is nonetheless an excellent blues-based album and they remain the most convincing of the white electric blues groups." The album contained mainly original compositions with lyrics relating to the band such as Wilson's "Time Was" and a few re-worked covers like "Sic 'em Pigs" (Bukka White's "Sic 'em Dogs") and the original "Canned Heat" by Tommy Johnson.

Within days of the album's release, Vestine left the group after an on-stage blow up at the Fillmore West between himself and Larry Taylor. The next night after Mike Bloomfield and Mandel jammed with Canned Heat, both were offered Vestine's spot in the band's line-up and Mandel accepted.^[13] The new lineup played two dates at the Fillmore before appearing at Woodstock in mid-August.

Arriving via helicopter at Woodstock, Canned Heat played their most famous set on the second day of the festival at sunset. The set included "Going Up the Country" which became the title track in the documentary, even though the band's performance was not shown. The song was included in the first (triple) Woodstock album; while the second album, Woodstock 2, contained "Woodstock Boogie". The expanded 25th Anniversary Collection added "Leaving This Town" to the band's collection of Woodstock performances and "A Change Is Gonna Come" was included on the director's cut of the documentary film; leaving only "Let's Work Together" to be released.^[14]

Before their European tour in early 1970, the band recorded Future Blues, an album containing five original compositions and three covers. A Wilbert Harrison song, "Let's Work Together", was the single chosen for release in Europe to coincide with the tour. At the band's insistence the U.S. release was delayed in order to offer the author's version a chance in the market first.^[15] Canned Heat had a big hit with "Let's Work Together" and was the band's only top ten hit to feature the vocals of Bob "The Bear" Hite. The album featured piano by Dr. John and an atypical jump blues style also. Some controversy was sparked by the moon landing/Iwo Jima album cover and the upside down American flag. The upside-down flag was Wilson's idea and was a response to his love of nature, growing environmentalism and concern that humankind would soon be polluting the moon as well as the Earth (as reflected in his song "Poor Moon").^[16]

Material from their 1970 European tour provided the tracks for, Canned Heat '70 Concert Live In Europe, later retitled Live In Europe. It was a live album that combined tracks from different shows throughout the tour, but was put together in such a way as to resemble one continuous concert for the listener. Although the album garnered some critical acclaim and did well in the UK (peaking at #15), it had only limited commercial success in the U.S.; Returning from Europe in May 1970, an exhausted Larry Taylor left the band to join John Mayall (who had relocated to Laurel Canyon) and was followed by Mandel.

Hooker 'n Heat and the death of Wilson

With Taylor and Mandel gone, Vestine returned on guitar, accompanied by bassist Antonio de la Barreda who had played with de la Parra for five years in Mexico City and was previously a member of the groups Jerome and Sam & the Goodtimers.

This lineup went into the studio to record with John Lee Hooker the tracks that would yield the double album, Hooker 'n Heat. The band had originally met Hooker at the airport in Portland, Oregon, and discovered they were fans of each other's work. Hooker and Canned Heat became good friends and Hooker had stated that Wilson was "the greatest harmonica player ever".^[17] The planned format for the sessions called for Hooker to perform a few songs by himself, followed by some duets with Wilson playing piano or guitar. The rest of the album featured Hooker with some backing by the group (sans Bob Hite, who co-produced the album along with Skip Taylor). The album was finished after Wilson's passing and became the first album in Hooker's career to make the charts, topping out at #73 in February 1971. Hooker 'n Heat would unite again in 1978 and record a live album at the Fox Venice Theatre in Los Angeles, released in 1981 as, Hooker 'n Heat, Live at the Fox Venice Theatre, under Rhino Records. Also in 1989, Canned Heat (and many others) guested on John Lee Hooker's album The Healer.

Shortly after the original Hooker 'n Heat sessions, the eccentric Alan "Blind Owl" Wilson, who had always suffered from depression, was said by some to have attempted suicide by driving his van off the road near Bob Hite's home in Topanga Canyon. Unlike other members of the band, Wilson did not have much success with women and was deeply upset and frustrated by this. His depression also worsened over time; environmental themes were often reflected in his lyrics.^[18] On September 3, 1970, just prior to leaving for a festival in Berlin, the band was shattered when they learned of Wilson's death by barbiturate overdose; his body was found on a hillside behind Bob Hite's Topanga home. De la Parra and other members of the band believed that his death was a suicide. Wilson died at the age of 27, just weeks before the deaths of Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix.^[19]

Historical Figures, New Age and Human Condition line-ups

Joel Scott Hill, who had played with the Strangers and later Moby Grape, was recruited to fill the void left by Wilson's death. The band still had a touring contract for September, as well as upcoming studio dates. That fall they toured Australia and Europe; including a show played in Baarn, the Netherlands, for the VPRO television program Piknik and the following summer they appeared at the Turku Festival in Finland. These performances were recorded, but the recordings were not released until much later, with the albums Live at Turku Rock Festival in 1995 and Under the Dutch Skies 1970–74 in 2007 (which encompassed three separate tours). At the end of 1971 a new studio album, Historical Figures and Ancient Heads, was released. The album included Hite's vocal duet with Little Richard on "Rockin' with the King", written by Skip Taylor and featuring the guitar playing of both Vestine and Joel Scott Hill.

This lineup of Hite, Vestine, Scott-Hill, de la Barreda and de la Parra did not last, as the band was in disarray; Scott-Hill and de la Barreda's attitudes were not fitting in with the rest of the band, and drummer de la Parra decided to call it quits. He was talked out of it by Hite, and it was Scott-Hill and de la Barreda who left the band instead.^[20]

New additions to the group were James Shane on rhythm guitar and vocals, Ed Beyer on keyboards, and Richard Hite (Bob Hite's brother) on bass. This lineup recorded what would be the band's last album for Liberty/United Artists Records, The New Age, released in 1973. This album featured the popular biker-themed anthem "The Harley-Davidson Blues", written by James Shane. The era of the late 1960s was changing, but nonetheless the band embarked on another European tour, during which they recorded a session with Memphis Slim in Paris for the album Memphis Heat. They also recorded with Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown, while still in Paris, for the album Gates on the Heat (both were released by Blue Star Records).^[21] Footage from this era can be seen on the DVD Canned Heat Live at Montreux, released in 2004.

Met with hard times, de la Parra writes that the band resorted to importing drugs from Mexico to make ends meet between shows.^[22] Over US $30,000 in debt, manager Skip Taylor advised the band to sign away their future royalties to their previous Liberty/United Artists material and jump to Atlantic Records. After a bad introduction to Atlantic Records, which included a brawl between Hite and Vestine over a vending machine, the band released the album One More River to Cross in 1973. Produced by Roger Hawkins and Barry Beckett, this album had a different sound and featured the Muscle Shoal Horns.^[23]

On a subsequent promotional tour of Europe, this new "horn band" sound included the talents of Clifford Solomon and Jock Ellis. Absent from Canned Heat at this time, after growing ever more distant, was longtime manager Skip Taylor, who had left after the band joined Atlantic.^[24] Atlantic producer Tom Dowd tried to get one more album out of Canned Heat, but drugs and heavy drinking had taken their toll. An album was recorded at Criterion Studios in 1974 (featuring some collaboration with former member Mandel), but Atlantic ended its relationship with Canned Heat before it could be released. The masters for the bulk of the material, which had been kept at Skip Taylor's house, were destroyed in a fire, and what material was rescued by de la Parra was finally restored and issued decades later, in 1997, titled The Ties That Bind.^[25][26]

Shortly thereafter, new manager Howard Wolf set up the struggling band with a gig at California's Mammoth Ski Resort. Bob Hite, in a foul rage, went off on the crowd, to the disapproval of Vestine, James Shane and Ed Beyer, who quit the band as a result.^[27]

Taking the place of those who departed were pianist Gene Taylor and guitarist Chris Morgan, who both joined in late 1974. Taylor departed in 1976 in response to an argument during a tour of Germany, and after a brief fill-in by Stan Webb (of Chicken Shack), Mark Skyer came in as the new guitar player. In the meantime the band had worked out a deal with Takoma Records, and this "Human Condition/Takoma" lineup recorded the 1977 album Human Condition. Despite the appearance of the Chambers Brothers on the album, it was met with very little success, largely because of the growing popularity of disco music in the late 70s.^[25] Before long, more arguments ensued, and Mark Skyer, Chris Morgan and Richard Hite all quit the band in 1977. The Bear promptly hired a new bass player, Richard Exley, after befriending him on tour and watching his performance with the band Montana. Becoming fast friends with Hite, Exley toured the remainder of the year with the band and collaborated with Hite on many of the arrangements during their 1976 Texas Bicentennial Comeback Tour. Exley then quit the band after an argument over Hite's excessive drinking and drug use on stage. Frustrated and fed up, Exley joined the Texas Heartbreakers at the end of that year but returned periodically to fill in as a favor to Hite while the band struggled to find permanent members amidst heavy drinking and drug use. Exley remarked about his time with the band, "No one ever remembers the bass player...". This effectively reduced the band's members to just Hite and de la Parra.^[28]

Burger Brothers revival and the death of Bob Hite

The popularity of the blues genre rose in the late 1970s and early 1980s with the release of the musical-comedy film The Blues Brothers (1980), starring Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi. During this time, de la Parra had bought into the partnership of an East Hollywood recording studio at which he was again working with former bandmate Larry "The Mole" Taylor. Taylor had been associating with virtuoso guitar player Mike "Hollywood Fats" Mann and virtuoso piano player Ronnie Barron and before long Taylor, Barron and Hollywood Fats were in the band. This version referred to by Hite and Mann as the "Burger Brothers" lineup, was soon joined by blind piano player Jay Spell, as Ronnie Barron walked out on the band after a blow-up between himself and Taylor.^[29]

The Burger Brothers played the Tenth Anniversary of Woodstock at Parr Meadows in 1979. A recording of the performance eventually surfaced through King Biscuit Flower Hour's Barry Ehrmann as, Canned Heat In Concert, in 1995 (de la Parra considers this to be Canned Heat's best recorded live album).^[30] Another recording made around this time was for Cream Records, who desired a more R&B-style sound than what Canned Heat was currently offering. This upset Hollywood Fats and Mike Halby was brought in to finish the project; which would not find commercial release until 1981 when former band member Tony de la Barreda put it out under RCA as a tribute album called, In Memory Of Bob "The Bear" Hite 1943-1981—"Don't Forget To Boogie". After a falling out with de la Parra and Hite, Taylor and Mann were increasingly unhappy with the musical direction of the band and eventually left to focus more attention on their Hollywood Fats Band. Nevertheless, Jay Spell was still on board and brought in bass player Jon Lamb; Mike Halby was now a full-time member and long-time guitarist Vestine once again made his return to the band, with The Bear and de la Parra as its leaders.^[31]

No longer managed by Howard Wolf, Eddie Haddad set the band up touring military bases across the U.S., Europe and Japan non-stop. Returning with little pay after the hellacious tour, Jay Spell quit the band. Jon Lamb stayed on for one more tour in the south and just before Christmas 1980 (and lacking the outlaw roots of the others), he too quit the band; but by then even The Bear was starting to lose it. He had attempted to give it another try by hiring a large enthusiastic biker with the moniker "The Push" as their manager; hoping that the band's popularity with the biker community would give them renewed energy.^[32] With new bass player Ernie Rodriguez joining the ranks, Canned Heat recorded the 1981 album, Kings of the Boogie, the last album to feature Hite on a few of the tracks.

On April 5, 1981, having collapsed from a heroin overdose during a show at the Palomino in Los Angeles, Bob Hite was later found dead in de la Parra's Mar Vista home at the age of 38.^[33]

Later history and the death of Vestine

The death of frontman Bob "The Bear" Hite was a devastating blow that most thought would end the career of Canned Heat; however de la Parra kept the band alive and would lead it back into prosperity over the next few decades. An Australian tour had been set up before The Bear's death and harmonica player Rick Kellog had joined to finish off the Kings of the Boogie album. This incarnation of Canned Heat without Bob Hite was nicknamed the "Mouth Band" by Vestine and was a huge hit in Australia, especially with the biker crowd.^[34] Under the management of "The Push", the band toured the States playing biker bars and began work on a video known as "The Boogie Assault", starring Canned Heat and various members of the San Francisco chapter of the Hells Angels.

As production for "The Push's" video dragged on, a drunken Vestine got into a brawl with Ernie Rodriguez and was once again out of the band; this time replaced by guitarist Trout.^[35] After a tour with John Mayall, as the production for "The Boogie Assault" continued, de la Parra was forced to fire "The Push" as the band's manager; but did eventually finish the video and a live Album of the same name recorded in Australia in 1982 (also re-released as Live In Australia and Live In Oz). This version of Canned Heat would also soon dissolve with a dispute between Mike Halby and de la Parra after the recording of the Heat Brothers '84 EP.

During the 1980s the interest in the type of music played by Canned Heat was revived and, despite the past tragedies and permanent instability, the band appeared to be revitalized. In 1985, Trout had left to join John Mayall's Bluesbreakers, so Vestine was once again back in the band and he brought with him new musical talent from Oregon in James Thornbury (slide guitar and lead vocals) and Skip Jones (Bass). They were dubbed the "Nuts and Berries" band by de la Parra, due to their love of organic food. It was not long before former members Larry Taylor (replacing Jones) and Ronnie Barron returned to round out the group. Versions of this lineup would record the live album, Boogie Up The Country, in Kassel, Germany, in 1987 and also appear on the Blues Festival Live in Bonn '87 Vol 2 compilation. Barron, just as before did not last long in this lineup, nor did Vestine, who was once again ousted from the band due to pressure from Larry Taylor. Replacing Vestine on lead guitar was Junior Watson; his style emulated Hollywood Fats (who died in late 1986) and was perfectly suited for the band as witnessed by the well-regarded album, Reheated. Unfortunately, the album was released only in Germany in 1988 due to disagreements with the Chameleon Music Group Record label.^[36] In 1990, the "Would-Be" lineup of James T, Taylor, Watson and de la Parra also recorded a sequel live album in Australia entitled Burnin' Live.

The lineup dissolved in the early 1990s as Junior Watson went his own way and Mandel came back into the fold, bringing along Ron Shumake on bass to take some of the load off of Larry Taylor. Mandel, however, left the band after a few tours, so female singer and guitarist Becky Barksdale was brought in for a tour of France, Germany and Hawaii; but lasted no longer. Smokey Hormel was also considered, but only played one gig before friction between de la Parra and Larry Taylor caused Taylor to bitterly go his separate way with Hormel in tow.^[37]

The revolving door that was Canned Heat continued as Vestine and Watson made their returns to the lineup as the "Heavy Artillery" band. Several former members including Mandel, Barron and Taylor joined up in de la Parra's effort for the album, Internal Combustion, which was released in 1994, but saw only limited release due to the returning manager Skip Taylor's falling out with Red River Records. In 1995, James Thornbury left the band with no hard feelings after ten years of service to live the married life in New South Wales, Australia and new front-man Robert Lucas came in to take his place. Mandel returned and Shumake left the band in 1996, and after the position of bassist was taken temporarily by Mark "Pocket" Goldberg,^[38] Greg Kage took the reins as the bass player, and after a reconciliation with Larry Taylor the band released, Canned Heat Blues Band, in 1996. On October 20, 1997, a tired and cancer stricken Vestine died in Paris, France following the final gig of a European tour.^[39] Taylor and Watson subsequently left the band.

Canned Heat in the 2000s and 2010s

Canned Heat's popularity has endured in some European countries and Australia. In Belgium they have a particularly devoted following thanks in great part to Walter de Paduwa, aka Dr. Boogie, considered by the band as their "official historian".^[40] He has assisted de la Parra in compiling and producing, The Boogie House Tapes Vol. 1 in 2000, The Boogie House Tapes Vol. 2 in 2004, and Dr. Boogie Presents Rarities from the Bob Hite Vaults in 2008; all collected from unreleased and rare Canned Heat recordings. Dr. Boogie's weekly Sunday evening radio show on Radio Classic 21,^[41] has for over a decade invariably started with a Canned Heat song.

Canned Heat's recent studio albums include Boogie 2000 (1999), and Friends In The Can (2003), which features various guests including John Lee Hooker, Taj Mahal, Trout, Corey Stevens, Roy Rogers, Mandel, Larry Taylor and Vestine. Eric Clapton and Dr. John made guest appearances on the Christmas Album (2007). In July 2007, a documentary, Boogie with Canned Heat: The Canned Heat Story, was released, as was a biography of Wilson, Blind Owl Blues, by music historian Rebecca Davis Winters.

By 2000, Robert Lucas had departed and the line-up was completed by Dallas Hodge (vocals, guitar),^[42] John Paulus (guitar) and Stanley "Baron" Behrens (saxophone, flute). Lucas returned to Canned Heat in late 2005 but left again in the fall of 2008. He died, age 46, on November 23, 2008, at a friend's home in Long Beach, Calififornia; the cause was an apparent drug overdose.^[43][44] Other more recent deaths of band members included Bob Hite's brother, bassist Richard Hite, who died at age 50 on September 22, 2001, due to complications with cancer. Also, former bassist Antonio de la Barreda died of a heart attack on February 19, 2009.

From late 2008 to the Spring of 2010 the lineup included Dale Spalding (guitar, harmonica and vocals), Barry Levenson (lead guitar), Greg Kage (bass), and classic lineup hold-over and band leader de la Parra on drums. Mandel and Larry Taylor toured with Canned Heat during the summer of 2009 on the Heroes of Woodstock Tour to celebrate the 40th anniversary of Woodstock.

In 2010, Taylor and Mandel officially replaced Kage and Levenson, and as of 2012, this lineup (de la Parra, Taylor, Mandel, and Spalding) continues to tour regularly.

In October 2012, during a festival tour in Spain, France and Switzerland, Randy Resnick was called to replace Harvey Mandel who had to quit the tour for a family emergency. Resnick played two dates, October 4 and 5, but had to return home for prior commitments. Fito de la Parra was able to get John Paulus to fly in from Portland to finish the tour.

On September 7, 2013 John Paulus once again subbed for Harvey Mandel at The Southern Maryland Blues Festival.

The current line up of Canned Heat has no members of the band's original line up from 1965; however, it does include all three of the surviving members from the band's two 'classic' line-ups', those being de la Parra, Taylor, and Mandel. Each of these three members also played with the band at Woodstock.

Collaborations

Canned Heat have collaborated with many blues artists, recording and helping them to regain some notoriety. Notable names include:

• John Lee Hooker – In May 1970, Canned Heat backed John Lee Hooker on the album Hooker 'n Heat released in early 1971. In 1978 a joint performance was recorded live and released as Hooker 'n Heat, live at the Fox Venice Theatre (1981). In 1989 Canned Heat (and many others) guested on John Lee Hooker's album The Healer.
• Sunnyland Slim – In the spring of 1968, Wilson, Bob Hite, and de la Parra took a cab whose driver turned out to be Sunnyland Slim. Wilson and Hite convinced him to go in the studio again and cut an album for a sublabel of Liberty Records. The album, Slim's Got His Thing Goin' On featured tracks with Slim fronting Canned Heat and Hite acted as co-producer. Slim thanked them by playing the piano on "Turpentine Moan" for the album Boogie with Canned Heat.
• Memphis Slim – In Paris, on September 18, 1970, Canned Heat went into the studio at the request of French music producer Phillipe Rault to record with Memphis Slim. Three years later and after an overdubbing session with the Memphis Horns of Stax Records fame, Memphis Heat was finally released on the French label, Barclay (and was re-released in 2006 on Sunnyside Recordings).
• Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown – In 1973, Canned Heat went again in France to record for Rault, this time with Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown. The sessions did not work out as planned but the album was released as Gate's on the Heat and another track appeared in 1975 on his album Down South in the Bayou Country. Later they joined him for a set at the Montreux Jazz Festival. A DVD of the performance was released.
• Javier Batiz – During the summer of 1969, de La Parra arranged in Los Angeles a recording session for Mexican R&B star Javier Batiz with whom he had played before moving north and joining Canned Heat. His band mate Larry Taylor took part in the project and also three musicians who in later years would perform with the band (two as members of the band): Tony de la Barreda (bass), Ernest Lane (piano) and Clifford Solomon (sax). The recording was released some 30 years later as The USA Sessions.
• Albert Collins – In early 1969, Canned Heat met Collins after a gig and advised him to move to L.A. in order to boost his career; there they found him an agent and introduced him to executives for UA. In appreciation, Collins' first record title for UA became Love Can Be Found Anywhere, taken from the lyrics of "Fried Hockey Boogie".
• Henry Vestine – A recording project from 1981 has been released more than twenty years later under Vestine's name as I Used To Be Mad (but Now I am Half Crazy). The musicians on the album are the Canned Heat members at that time: Vestine (guitar), Mike Halby (vocals, guitar), Ernie Rodrigues (vocals, bass), Ricky Kellogg (vocals, harmonica) and de La Parra (drums).
• De la Parra and Walter de Paduwa, aka Dr. Boogie, have compiled an album of blues selected from Bob Hite's collection Rarities from the Bob Hite Vault, Sub Rosa SRV 271. Included are tracks by a dozen artists such as Pete Johnson, Johnny Otis, Clarence Brown, Otis Rush, Etta James and Elmore James.^[45]
• Naftalina - In 1983, Fito de la Parra, along with some old friends and fellow Mexican rock groups I play with in the 60's, such as Los Sparks, Los Hooligans and Los Sinners, played the first album of Naftalina, covers of rock n roll 50's - 60's, with versions full of black humor and sarcasm involved: Tony de la Barreda (bass and production), Federico Arana (guitar and lyrics), Eduardo Toral (piano), Baltasar Mena (vocals), Renato López (vocals), Angel Miranda (drums), Freddy Armstrong (guitar), Guillermo Briseno (piano) and Adolfo de la Parra (drums).

Personnel

• Members of the bands classic eras are in bold.

Current members

• Larry "The Mole" Taylor – bass, guitar, vocals (1967–70, 1978–80, 1987–92, 1996–97, 2010–present)
• Adolfo "Fito" de la Parra – drums, vocals (1967–present)
• Harvey "The Snake" Mandel – guitar (1969–70, 1990-1992, 1996–99, 2010–present)
• Dale Wesley Spalding – guitar, harmonica, bass, vocals (2008–present)

Additional personnel

• John Paulus – guitar (2000–2006; additional personnel - 2013, 2014–present)

Former members

Additional personnel

• Ron Holmes – drums (1965)
• Clifford Solomon – saxophone (1974)
• Jock Ellis – trombone (1974)
• Stan Webb – guitar (1976)
• Mark "Pocket" Goldberg – bass (1996)
• Jacob Montreal – keyboards (Grafton/Park River Supergig '96)
• Tim "Bird" Pigeon – slapbass (Grafton/Park River Supergig '96)

Lineups

1965	1965	1965	1965 – 1966
Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Stuart Brotman – bass Mike Perlowin – guitar Keith Sawyer – drums	Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Stuart Brotman – bass Kenny Edwards – guitar Additional personnel Ron Holmes – drums	Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Stuart Brotman – bass Kenny Edwards – guitar Henry Vestine – guitar Additional personnel Ron Holmes – drums	Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Stuart Brotman – bass Henry Vestine – guitar Frank Cook – drums
1966 – 1967	1967	1967 – 1969 Classic line-up #1	1969 – 1970 Classic line-up #2
Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Henry Vestine – guitar Frank Cook – drums Mark Andes – bass	Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Henry Vestine – guitar Frank Cook – drums Larry Taylor – bass	Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Henry Vestine – guitar Larry Taylor – bass Adolfo de la Parra – drums	Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass Adolfo de la Parra – drums Harvey Mandel – guitar
1970	1970 – 1972	1972 – 1974	1974 – 1976
Bob Hite – vocals Alan Wilson – guitar, harmonica, vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Henry Vestine – guitar Antonio de la Barreda – bass	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Henry Vestine – guitar Antonio de la Barreda – bass Joel Scott Hill – guitar	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Henry Vestine – guitar Ed Beyer – keyboards Richard Hite – bass James Shane – guitar Additional personnel Clifford Solomon – saxophone Jock Ellis – trombone	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Richard Hite – bass Chris Morgan – guitar Gene Taylor – keyboards, guitar
1976	1976 – 1977	1977 – 1978	1978
Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Richard Hite – bass Chris Morgan – guitar Additional personnel Stan Webb – guitar	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Richard Hite – bass Chris Morgan – guitar Mark Skyer – guitar	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Richard Exley – bass	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Additional personnel Richard Exley – bass
1978	1978 – 1980	1980	1980
Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Ronnie Barron – keyboards Mike "Hollywood Fats" Mann – guitar Larry Taylor – bass	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Mike "Hollywood Fats" Mann – guitar Larry Taylor – bass Jay Spell – keyboards Additional personnel Mike Halby – guitar	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Jay Spell – keyboards Mike Halby – guitar Jon Lamb – bass Henry Vestine – guitar	Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Mike Halby – guitar Jon Lamb – bass Henry Vestine – guitar
1980 – 1981	1981	1981 – 1984	1984 – 1985
Bob Hite – vocals Adolfo de la Parra – drums Mike Halby – guitar Henry Vestine – guitar Ernie Rodriguez – bass	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Mike Halby – guitar Henry Vestine – guitar Ernie Rodriguez – bass Richard Kellogg – vocals, harmonica	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Mike Halby – guitar Ernie Rodriguez – bass Richard Kellogg – vocals, harmonica Walter Trout – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Ernie Rodriguez – bass Richard Kellogg – vocals, harmonica Walter Trout – guitar
1985 – 1987	1987 – 1988	1988 – 1990	1990 – 1992
Adolfo de la Parra – drums Skip Jones – bass James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Henry Vestine – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Henry Vestine – guitar Ronnie Barron – keyboards Larry Taylor – bass	Adolfo de la Parra – drums James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass Junior Watson – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass Harvey Mandel – guitar Ron Shumake – bass
1992	1992	1992 – 1995	1995 – 1996
Adolfo de la Parra – drums James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass Ron Shumake – bass Becky Barksdale – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass Ron Shumake – bass Smokey Hormel – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums James Thornbury – guitar, harmonica, vocals Ron Shumake – bass Henry Vestine – guitar Junior Watson – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Ron Shumake – bass Henry Vestine – guitar Junior Watson – guitar Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica
1996	1996	1996 – 1997	1997 – 1999
Adolfo de la Parra – drums Henry Vestine – guitar Junior Watson – guitar Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica Harvey Mandel – guitar Additional personnel Mark "Pocket" Goldberg – bass Jacob Montreal – keyboards (Grafton/Park River Supergig '96) Tim "Bird" Pigeon – slapbass (Grafton/Park River Supergig '96)	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Henry Vestine – guitar Junior Watson – guitar Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica Harvey Mandel – guitar Greg Kage – bass	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Henry Vestine – guitar Junior Watson – guitar Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica Harvey Mandel – guitar Greg Kage – bass Larry Taylor – bass	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica Harvey Mandel – guitar Greg Kage – bass Paul Bryant – guitar
1999 – 2000	2000 – 2005	2005 – 2006	2006 – 2008
Adolfo de la Parra – drums Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica Greg Kage – bass Paul Bryant – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Greg Kage – bass Stanley "The Baron" Behrens – saxophone, flute Dallas Hodge – vocals, guitars John Paulus – guitar	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Greg Kage – bass John Paulus – guitar Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Greg Kage – bass Robert Lucas – vocals, guitar, harmonica Barry Levenson – guitar
2008 – 2010	2010 – present
Adolfo de la Parra – drums Greg Kage – bass Barry Levenson – guitar Harvey Mandel – guitar Dale Spalding – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass, guitar, vocals	Adolfo de la Parra – drums Harvey Mandel – guitar Dale Spalding – guitar, harmonica, vocals Larry Taylor – bass, guitar, vocals Additional personnel John Paulus – guitar (2013, 2014–present)

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

Title	Released	Label
Canned Heat	1967	Liberty Records
Boogie with Canned Heat	1968	Liberty Records
Living the Blues	1968	Liberty Records
Hallelujah	1969	Liberty Records
Future Blues	1970	Liberty Records
Vintage	1970	Janus
Historical Figures and Ancient Heads	1971	United Artists
The New Age	1973	United Artists
One More River to Cross	1973	Atlantic/WEA Records
Human Condition	1978	Takoma/Sonet
Kings of the Boogie (Dog House Blues)	1981	Destiny Records
Reheated	1988	SPV (Germany)
Internal Combustion	1994	AIM
Canned Heat Blues Band	1996	Ruf Records
Boogie 2000	1999	Ruf Records
Friends in the Can	2003	Ruf Records
Christmas Album	2007	Ruf Records

Collaborative albums

Title	Released	Label
Hooker 'n Heat (with John Lee Hooker)	1971	Liberty Records
Memphis Heat (with Memphis Slim)	1974	Barclay (France)
Gate's on the Heat (with Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown)	1974	Barclay (France)

Live albums

Title	Released	Label
Canned Heat '70 Concert Live in Europe	1970	Liberty Records
Live at Topanga Corral	1971	Wand Records
Captured Live	1980	Accord
Hooker 'n Heat, Live at the Fox Venice Theatre	1981	Rhino
Boogie up the Country	1987
Burnin' Live	1991	SPV
Boogie Assault (reissues Live in Oz)	1991	AIM
Canned Heat Live	1993
King Biscuit Flower Hour (see King Biscuit Flower Hour)	1995
Live at Turku Festival	1995
Live at Montreux 1973	2011	Eagle Records

Compilations albums

Title	Released	Label
Canned Heat Cookbook	1970	Liberty
Canned Heat Collage	1971	Sunset
The Best of Canned Heat	1972 (1990 CD)	EMI/Capitol
The Very Best of Canned Heat	1975	United Artists
Let's Work Together: The Best of Canned Heat	1989	EMI
On the Road Again	1989	EMI
The Big Heat	1992 (3 CD SET)	EMI
Uncanned! The Best of Canned Heat	1994	EMI/Capitol
Best of Hooker 'n Heat	1996	EMI E2-38207
Straight Ahead (from Vintage (1966) + Live at Topanga (1969))	1996	Magnum
The Ties That Bind	1997 (recorded 1975)	RCA Mexico/Archive Recordings
House of Blue Lights	1998
The Boogie House Tapes	2000	Ruf Records
The USA Sessions	2003
The Boogie House Tapes Volume 2	2004
Under the Dutch Skies	2007
The Very Best of Canned Heat	2005	EMI
Boogie House Tapes Volume 3	2008	Ruf Records
Revolution	2012
The Blind Owl (Alan Wilson)	2013	Severn

Singles

Year	Single (A-side, B-side) Both sides from same album except where indicated	Chart positions		Album
US	UK
1967	"Rollin' and Tumblin'" b/w "Bullfrog Blues"	115		Canned Heat
	"World In A Jug" b/w "Evil Woman"			Boogie With Canned Heat
1968	"On The Road Again" b/w "Boogie Music" (from Living The Blues)	16	8
	"The Chipmunk Song" (with The Chipmunks) b/w "Christmas Blues"			Non-album tracks
	"Going Up The Country" b/w "One Kind Favor"	11	19	Living The Blues
1969	"Time Was" b/w Low Down"	67		Hallelujah
	"Poor Moon" b/w "Sic 'Em Pigs" (from Hallelujah)	119		Non-album track
1970	"Spoonful" b/w "Big Road Blues"			Vintage
	"Let's Work Together" b/w "I'm Her Man" (from Hallelujah)	26	2	Future Blues
	"Sugar Bee" b/w "Shake It and Break It"		40
	"Future Blues" b/w "Going Up The Country" (from Canned Heat Cookbook (The Best Of Canned Heat))
1971	"Wooly Bully" b/w "My Time Ain't Long" (from Future Blues)	105		Non-album track
	"Whiskey and Wimmen'" b/w "Let's Make It" Both sides with John Lee Hooker			Hooker 'N Heat
	"Long Way From L.A." b/w "Hill's Stomp"		51	Historical Figures and Ancient Heads
1972	"Rockin' With The King" b/w "I Don't Care What You Tell Me"	88
	"Cherokee Dance" b/w "Sneakin' Around"
1973	"Rock and Roll Music" b/w "Lookin' For My Rainbow" (with Clara Ward & The Clara Ward Singers)			The New Age
	"Harley Davidson Blues" b/w "You Can Run, But You Sure Can't Hide"
1974	"One More River To Cross" b/w "Highway 401"			One More River To Cross
	"The Harder They Come" b/w "Rock 'N Roll Show"			Non-album tracks

See also

• List of bands from Los Angeles

References

Further reading

• Charles Shaar Murray, Blues on CD: The Essential Guide (1993) ISBN 1-85626-084-4
• Fito De La Parra, Living The Blues. Canned Heat's Story of Music, Drugs, Death, Sex and Survival (2000) ISBN 0-9676449-0-9
• Boogie with Canned Heat: The Canned Heat Story, a documentary (on DVD, Eagle Ent., 2007)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Canned Heat.

• Canned Heat - Official Website
• Canned Heat - YouTube Channel
• Studio and Concert History at Chrome Oxide
• James Thornbury Interview
• Canned Heat Authorized : Alan "The Blind Owl" Christie Wilson of Canned Heat Facebook page
• https://www.facebook.com/LovecanbefoundAnywhereEveninaGuitar - Bob "The Bear" Hite Official Facebook.
• https://www.facebook.com/AreYouReallyExperienced - Henry "The Sunflower" Vestine Official Facebook.
• Alan "Blind Owl" Wilson - Authorized Site