Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)

For other uses, see Chamber of Deputies.
Chamber of Deputies
Câmara dos Deputados
55th Legislature of the National Congress
Logo of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil
Type
Type
Term limits
 None
History
Founded May 6, 1826 (1826-05-06)
New session started
 February 2, 2016 (2016-02-02)
Leadership
Rodrigo Maia, DEM
Since July 14, 2016
Government Leader
André Moura, PSC
Minority Leader
Jandira Feghali, PCdoB
Structure
Seats 513
Political groups

Government Coalition (368)[1]

  • PP, PTB, PSC Bloc (74)
     PP (46)
     PTB (18)
     PSC (8)
  • PMDB, PEN Bloc (69)
     PMDB (66)
     PEN (3)
  •      PSDB (51)
  •      PR (42)
  •      PSD (35)
  •      DEM (27)
  •      PRB (22)
  • PTN, PTdoB, PSL Bloc (18)
     PTN (13)
     PTdoB (3)
     PSL (2)
  •      SD (14)
  •      PPS (8)
  •      PHS (7)
  •      PMB (1)
  •      PRP (1)
  •      PRTB (1)

Independent(38)

  •      PSB (33)
  •      PV (6)

Opposition (105)

Length of term
 Four years
Elections
Open list proportional representation
Last election
 October 5, 2014
Next election
 October 7, 2018
Meeting place
Ulysses Guimarães plenary chamber
National Congress Palace
Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
Website
www.camara.gov.br
Brazil
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Brazil
Foreign relations

The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the Chamber is deputy is Rodrigo Maia (DEM-RJ), who was elected in July 14, 2016 to serve for the remainder of the 2015-2016 term.

Legislatures

The legislatures are counted from the first meeting of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate, on 6 May 1826, in the imperial era (the Chamber of Deputies met for preparatory sessions from 29 April 1826 to elect its officers and conduct other preliminary business, but the Legislature was formally opened on 6 May). The Chamber of Deputies and the Senate were created by Brazil's first Constitution, the Constitution of the Empire of Brazil, adopted in 1824. The numbering of the legislatures is continuous and counts all bicameral legislatures elected since the adoption of the 1824 Constitution including the imperial General Assembly and the republican National Congress. The previous constituent and legislative assembly of the Empire of Brazil, a unicameral national assembly convened in 1823 and dissolved by Emperor Pedro I before the Constitution was adopted, is not counted. The inauguration of a new composition of Chamber of Deputies for a four-year term of office marks the start of a new Legislature.

In the imperial era the national legislature was named General Assembly. It was made up of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Senators were elected for life and the Senate was a permanent institution, whereas the Chamber of Deputies, unless dissolved earlier, was elected every four years. When Brazil became a republic and a federal state the model of a bicameral Legislature was retained at the federal level, but the parliament was renamed National Congress. The National Congress is made up of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate. Both houses have fixed terms and cannot be dissolved earlier. Under Brazil's present Constitution, adopted in 1988, senators are elected to eight-year terms and deputies are elected every four years.

Each Brazilian state (and the Federal District) is represented in the Senate by three senators.

Elections to the Senate are held every four years, with either a third or two thirds of the seats up for election.

The number of deputies elected is proportional to the size of the population of the respective state (or of the Federal District). However, no delegation can be made up of less than eight or more than seventy seats. Thus the least populous state elects eight Federal Deputies and the most populous elects seventy. These restrictions favour the smaller states at the expense of the more populous states and so the size of the delegations is not exactly proportional to population.

Elections to the Chamber of Deputies are held every four years, with all seats up for election.

Empire of Brazil[2]

Old Republic[3]

Vargas Era[4]

Legislatures elected under the Republic of 46[5]

Legislatures elected under the Military Regime

Legislatures elected after the restoration of civilian government ("New Republic")

Federal representation

Chamber of Deputies

The number of seats per state is distributed according to the number of inhabitants per state, according to the official measurement taken by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics through a census held each 10 years. The Brazilian population is represented by one deputy for each 362,013 inhabitants on average, but this proportionality is limited by having a minimum of eight members and a maximum of seventy members per state, these criteria being subject to an apportionment paradox.

Therefore, states with 3,258,117 inhabitants upwards have 9 to 70 deputies. Following this scenario for example the city of São Paulo with its 11,253,503 inhabitants[8] is represented by 31 deputies of the total members of the state and the rest of the state with its 28,670,588 inhabitants are represented by 39 MPs (Member of Parliament).[9]

There is a distorted representation of the Brazilian states in congress, having some groups of deputies representing on average more than the proportion of the population of the state, and others representing less. That proportionality means that Roraima is represented by a representative for every 51,000 inhabitants and, at the other extreme, São Paulo is represented by one representative for every 585,000 inhabitants. This difference is reflected in the representation of the states in the Brazilian Congress with deputations for states as Roraima with 681% of the population represented by their deputies in the Congress, and less proportionality for the population of the state of São Paulo with 63% of the population represented by their deputies in the Congress, where proportionality is the percentage of representatives in the chamber divided by the percentage of the population. The population of the state of São Paulo, because of the maximum limits of 70 MPs for any one state, give up having 40 more seats in congress compared to the other states.[10]

Federal state Number of members % Of total members Population (on the census also called Censo 2010) % Of the population (Censo 2010) Representativeness (Inhabitants / Mr) Representatives of national average % Representative distortion % Of the population represented by MPs Deputies required ignoring the limits
São Paulo 70 13,6% 39 924 091 21,5% 570 344 110 -7,90% 63% 40
Minas Gerais 53 10,3% 19 159 260 10,3% 361 495 53 0,00% 100% 0
Rio de Janeiro 46 9% 15 180 636 8,2% 330 014 42 0,80% 110% -4
Bahia 39 7,6% 13 633 969 7,3% 349 589 38 0,30% 104% -1
Rio Grande do Sul 31 6% 10 576 758 5,7% 341 186 29 0,30% 106% -2
Paraná 30 5,8% 10 226 737 5,5% 340 891 28 0,30% 106% -2
Pernambuco 25 4,9% 8 541 250 4,6% 341 650 24 0,30% 106% -1
Ceará 22 4,3% 8 450 527 4,4% 371 822 23 -0,10% 94% 1
Maranhão 18 3,5% 6 424 340 3,5% 356 908 18 0,00% 101% 0
Goiás 17 3,3% 5 849 105 3,1% 344 065 16 0,20% 105% -1
Pará 17 3,3% 7 443 904 4% 437 877 21 -0,70% 83% 4
Santa Catarina 16 3,1% 6 178 603 3,3% 386 163 17 -0,20% 94% 1
Paraíba 12 2,3% 3 753 633 2% 312 803 10 0,30% 116% -2
Espírito Santo 10 1,9% 3 392 775 1,8% 339 278 9 0,10% 107% -1
Piauí 10 1,9% 3 086 448 1,7% 308 645 9 0,20% 117% -1
Alagoas 9 1,7% 3 093 994 1,7% 343 777 9 0,00% 105% 0
Acre 8 1,6% 707 125 0,4% 88 391 2 1,20% 410% -6
Amazonas 8 1,6% 3 350 773 1,8% 418 847 9 -0,20% 86% 1
Amapá 8 1,6% 648 553 0,3% 81 069 2 1,30% 447% -6
Distrito Federal 8 1,6% 2 469 489 1,3% 308 686 7 0,30% 117% -1
Mato Grosso do Sul 8 1,6% 2 404 256 1,3% 300 532 7 0,30% 120% -1
Mato Grosso 8 1,6% 2 954 625 1,6% 369 328 8 0,00% 98% 0
Rio Grande do Norte 8 1,6% 3 121 451 1,7% 390 181 9 -0,10% 93% 1
Rondônia 8 1,6% 1 535 625 0,8% 191 953 4 0,80% 189% -4
Roraima 8 1,6% 425 398 0,2% 53 175 1 1,40% 681% -7
Sergipe 8 1.6% 2 036 227 1.1% 254 528 6 0.50% 142% -2
Tocantins 8 1.6% 1 373 551 0.7% 171 694 4 0.90% 211% -4
Total 513 100% 185 712 713 100% 362 013 (representative national average) 514 (Population / representative national average) 0,30% accumulated (% of total members -% of the population) 156% average (number of members / Representatives of national average) 1

Bodies

The House of Representatives is composed of the Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil by College Leaders in the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil and the Commissions, which can be permanent, temporary or special inquiry.

Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil

The current composition of the Board of the Chamber of Deputies is the following:

President: Rodrigo Maia (DEM-RJ) (elected in July 14, 2016 to serve for the remainder of the 2015-2016 term,[11] after Eduardo Cunha was suspended by the Supreme Court in May 5, 2016[12])
1 St Vice President:Waldir Maranhão (PP-MA)
2 Nd Vice President:Fernando Giacobo (PR-PR)
1st Secretary:Beto Mansur (PRB-SP)
2nd Secretary:Felipe Bornier (PSD-RJ)
3td Secretary:Mara Gabrilli (PSDB-SP)
4th Secretary:Alex Canziani (PTB-PR)
1° Alternate Registrar:Luiz Henrique Mandetta (DEM-MS)
2° Alternate Registrar:Gilberto Nascimento (PSC-SP)
3º Alternate Registrar:Luiza Erundina (PSB-SP)
4° Alternate Registrar:Ricardo Izar (PSD-SP)

Standing committees

On March 6 of 2012, was defined division of committees between parties. The President's House, Marco Maia, believes that the proportionality between the parties / blocs must take into account the data of the last election. Thus, PT and PMDB, with the highest benches, were three committees (the PT made the choice first). DEM and PSDB, the two largest opposition, were two commissions each.[13] On the other hand, PSD, most harmed by this decision, filed a lawsuit in the Supreme Court (STF) trying to reverse this decision.[14]

The chair of the committee, was defined as follows:[13][15]

Commission President (party) State Site Contact
Committee on Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development and Supply[16] Fernando Lúcio Giacobo (PR) Paraná Link Contato
Commission of the Amazon, National Integration and Regional Development[17] Jerônimo Goergen (PP) Rio Grande do Sul Link Contato
Committee on Science and Technology, Communication and Information[18] Ricardo Tripoli (PSDB) Minas Gerais Link Contato
Committee on Constitution, Justice and Citizenship[19] Ricardo Berzoini (PT) São Paulo Link Contato
Committee on Consumer Protection[20] José Chaves (PTB) Pernambuco Link Contato
Committee for Economic Development, Industry and Commerce[21] Márcio Reinaldo Moreira (PP) Minas Gerais Link Contato
Urban Development Commission[22] Sérgio Moraes (PTB) Rio Grande do Sul Link Contato
Commission on Human Rights and Minorities[23] Marco Feliciano (PSC) São Paulo Link Contato
Committee on Education and Culture[24] Gabriel Chalita (PMDB) São Paulo Link Contato
Committee on Finance and Taxation[25] João Magalhães (PMDB) Minas Gerais Link Contato
Commission of Financial Supervision and Control[26] Edinho Bez (PMDB) Santa Catarina Link Contato
Participative Legislation Committee[27] Lincoln Portela (PR) Minas Gerais Link Contato
Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development[28] José Sarney Filho (PV) Maranhão Link Contato
Committee on Mines and Energy[29] Eduardo da Fonte (PP) Pernambuco Link Contato
Committee on Foreign Relations and National Defense[30] Perpétua Almeida (PC do B) Acre Link Contato
Public Safety Commission and Combating Organized Crime[31] Efraim Filho (DEM) Paraíba Link Contato
Commission on Social Security and Family[32] Luiz Henrique Mandetta (DEM) Mato Grosso do Sul Link Contato
Committee on Labor, Public Service and Administration[33] Roberto Santiago (PSD) São Paulo Link Contato
Commission for Tourism and Sports[34] Romário de Souza Faria (PSB) Rio de Janeiro Link Contato
Commission of Roads and Transport[35] Rodrigo Maia (DEM) Rio de Janeiro Link Contato

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www2.camara.leg.br/deputados/liderancas-e-bancadas/bancadas/bancada-atual Bancada Atual da Câmara dos Deputados
  2. ↑ Chamber of Deputies Home Page: O Império do Brasil
  3. ↑ Chamber of Deputies Home Page: First Republic
  4. ↑ Chamber of Deputies Home Page: The Second Republic
  5. ↑ Chamber of Deputies Home Page: The Fourth Republic
  6. ↑ Constitutional Amendment 26, of 27 November 1985
  7. ↑ Juridically, the National Constituent Assembly was a separate legal entity, distinct from the bicameral National Congress, but it was exclusively made up of the entire membership of the National Congress (the Senators and Federal Deputies that served in the 48th Legislature), and it even held its sessions in the plenary hall of the Chamber of Deputies, the same place were joint sessions of Congress usually gather. Also, the congressional staff served as the support staff for the Constituent Assembly. The only differences, therefore, between sessions of the Constituent Assembly and Joint Sessions of Congress were: first, that the President of the Senate was ex officio the President of Congress, and in that capacity he chaired all joint sessions of Congress; the Constituent Assembly, on the other hand, elected its own President, and the President of the Chamber of Deputies was chosen for that office. Secondly, under the norms then in force, the Directing Board of the Senate (made up of the President, the Vice-Presidents and the Secretaries of that House) served as the Directing Board for joint sessions of Congress. The Constituent Assembly, however, elected its Vice-Presidents and Secretaries from its entire membership, and it thus had a distinct Directing Board, that included members from the Senate and members from the Chamber of Deputies. Thirdly, when meeting in joint sessions of Congress Senators were still Senators, and Federal Deputies were still Federal Deputies, and if votes were taken during a joint session of National Congress, the members of both Houses deliberated separately. When the composition of Congress met as the Constituent Assembly, however, all members were simply members of the Constituent Assembly, without distinction regarding their origin as Senators or Federal Deputies, and the Assembly voted as an unicameral entity, so that all members, Senators or Federal Deputies, had an equal vote. The Constituent Assembly convened on 1 February 1987, the first day of the preparatory meetings of both Houses of Congress for the 48th Legislature; on that date, prior to the solemn opening of the Constituent Assembly, the new membership of National Congress met for the first time after the 1986 legislative elections: the new Senators were sworn-in at a meeting of the Senate, and an entirely new composition of the Chamber of Deputies was sworn-in at the first meeting of that House in the new Legislature. The Presidents, Vice-Presidents and Secretaries of both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate were also elected on that date, in the said meetings of each House. The election for President of the Constituent Assembly, however, took place on the following day, 2 February 1987. Both the solemn opening session of the Constituent Assembly and the election of its President were chaired by the President of the Supreme Federal Court. The solemn joint session of Congress for the opening of the first annual session of the 48th Legislature, with the reading of the message from the President of the Republic reporting on the state of the Nation and presenting the government's ordinary legislative programme for the annual session ahead, was held on 1 March 1987. Senators and Federal Deputies continued their double role as members of Congress and members ex officio of the Constituent Assembly until Brazil's new Constitution was promulgated by the Constituent Assembly on 5 October 1988, at which point the Assembly concluded its business and ceased to exist.During that period from February 1987 to October 1988, separate meetings of the Houses of Congress, and joint sessions of Congress, transacted the ordinary legislative business, as the Legislative Branch of the Government then in existence, limited by the Constitution then in force, while when gathered as the Constituent Assembly, the legislators drafted the new Constitution with unlimited authority, and thus discharged their sovereign constituent power.
  8. ↑ IBGE Censo 2010
  9. ↑ MP - definition of MP by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia
  10. ↑ Gasto com deputados caminha para R$ 1 bilhão | Congresso em Foco
  11. ↑ "Rodrigo Maia vence Rosso no 2º turno e é eleito presidente da Câmara" (in Portuguese). 2016-07-14. Retrieved 2016-07-14.
  12. ↑ http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/05/speaker-of-brazils-lower-house-eduardo-cunha-suspended
  13. 1 2 Finch, Nathalia (March 6, 2012), G1, defines the distribution of the standing committees Missing or empty |title= (help);
  14. ↑ Santos, Deborah (February 27, 2012), G1, going to have the Supreme Command of committees in the House Missing or empty |title= (help);
  15. ↑ , G1, March 7, 2012, elect chairpersons for House committees Missing or empty |title= (help);
  16. ↑ Comissão de Agricultura, Pecuária, Abastecimento e Desenvolvimento Rural - CAPADR — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  17. ↑ Comissão de Integração Nacional, Desenvolvimento Regional e da Amazônia - CINDRA — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  18. ↑ Comissão de Ciência e Tecnologia, Comunicação e Informática - CCTCI — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  19. ↑ Comissão de Constituição e Justiça e de Cidadania - CCJC — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  20. ↑ Comissão de Defesa do Consumidor - CDC — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  21. ↑ Comissão de Desenvolvimento Econômico, Indústria e Comércio - CDEIC — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  22. ↑ Comissão de Desenvolvimento Urbano - CDU — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  23. ↑ Comissão de Direitos Humanos e Minorias - CDHM — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  24. ↑ Comissão de Educação - CE — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  25. ↑ Comissão de Finanças e Tributação - CFT — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  26. ↑ Comissão de Fiscalização Financeira e Controle - CFFC — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  27. ↑ Comissão de Legislação Participativa - CLP — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  28. ↑ Comissão de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável - CMADS — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  29. ↑ Comissão de Minas e Energia - CME — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  30. ↑ Comissão de Relações Exteriores e de Defesa Nacional - CREDN — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  31. ↑ Comissão de Segurança Pública e Combate ao Crime Organizado - CSPCCO — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  32. ↑ Comissão de Seguridade Social e Família - CSSF — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  33. ↑ Comissão de Trabalho, de Administração e Serviço Público - CTASP — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  34. ↑ Comissão de Turismo e Desporto - CTD — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados
  35. ↑ Comissão de Viação e Transportes - CVT — Portal da Câmara dos Deputados

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/26/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.