Hohenwerfen Castle
| Hohenwerfen Castle | |
|---|---|
|
Burg Hohenwerfen | |
| Site information | |
| Open to the public | Yes |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1075–1078 |
| Built by | Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg |
Hohenwerfen Castle (German: Burg Hohenwerfen) stands high above the Austrian town of Werfen in the Salzach valley, approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Salzburg. The castle is surrounded by the Berchtesgaden Alps and the adjacent Tennengebirge mountain range. The fortification is a "sister" of Hohensalzburg Castle both dated from the 11th century. Hohenwerfen Castle is 623 metres (2,044 ft) above sea level.[1]
History
The former fortification was built between 1075 and 1078 during the Imperial Investiture Controversy by the order of Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg as a strategic bulwark atop a 155-metre (509 ft) high rock. Gebhard, an ally of Pope Gregory VII and the anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden, had three major castles extended to secure the Salzburg archbishopric against the forces of King Henry IV: Hohenwerfen, Hohensalzburg and Petersberg Castle at Friesach in Carinthia. Nevertheless, Gebhard was expelled in 1077 and could not return to Salzburg until 1086, only to die at Hohenwerfen two years later.
In the following centuries Hohenwerfen served Salzburg's rulers, the prince-archbishops, not only as a military base but also as a residence and hunting retreat. The fortress was extended in the 12th century and to a lesser extent again in the 16th century during the German Peasants' War, when in 1525 and 1526 riotous farmers and miners from the south of Salzburg moved towards the city, laying fire and severely damaging the castle.
Alternatively it was used as a state prison and therefore had a somewhat sinister reputation. Its prison walls have witnessed the tragic fate of many 'criminals' who spent their days there – maybe their last – under inhumane conditions, and, periodically, various highly ranked noblemen have also been imprisoned there including rulers such as Archbishop Adalbert III, arrested by his own ministeriales in 1198; Count Albert of Friesach (in 1253); the Styrian governor Siegmund von Dietrichstein, captured by insurgent peasants in 1525; and Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich Raitenau, who died here in 1617 after six years of imprisonment.
In 1931 the fortress, since 1898 owned by Archduke Eugen of Austria was again damaged by a fire and, though largely restored, finally had to be sold to the Salzburg Reichsgau administration in 1938. After World War II it was used as a training camp by the Austrian Gendarmerie (rural police) until 1987.
Nowadays the bastion functions as a museum. Among the numerous attractions offered by the fortress are guided tours showing its extensive weapons collection, the historical Salzburg Falconry with the falconry museum as well as a fortress tavern. The historic Falconry Centre is a special attraction, offering daily flight demonstrations using various birds of prey, including eagles, falcons, hawks, and vultures.
Owners
Formerly the castle belonged to the Habsburg family of Austria , currently, their relatives The House of Sforza, Count Andreis reside within it.
Popular culture
- In the 1968 cinema film Where Eagles Dare the castle featured as the fictional Schloss Adler, a central command Head Quarters of the III Reich raided by an Anglo-American S.O.E. and O.S.S. paratroop team during World War 2.
- The castle was also used as a location for the movie Just Married with Ashton Kutcher and Brittany Murphy in 2003, where it served as a French hotel.
- Some parts of the fantasy miniseries The 10th Kingdom were also shot at the castle complex.
- It served as a haunted castle in the episode "The Legend Of Das Geisterschloss" in the US-Series Scarecrow and Mrs. King.
- In the Amazon Video original series The Man In The High Castle (2015) the castle was used as the Führer's headquarter.
- The castle can be seen in the background of the "Do-Re-Mi" picnic scene in The Sound of Music starring Julie Andrews, which was filmed on a hillside showing the village of Werfen.[2]
- In the videogame Call of Duty: Black Ops III, within the zombies mode, you can play a map called 'Der Eisendrache' which is based on 'Hohenwerfen Castle'.
References
- ↑ Hohenwerfen Castle Height and Location
- ↑ See "The Sound of Music Filming Locations" at The Worldwide Guide to Movie Locations. http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/s/soundmusic_1.html#.VxMGxxMrI6g .
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Castle Hohenwerfen. |
Coordinates: 47°28′55″N 13°11′16″E / 47.48194°N 13.18778°E