Fled Bricrenn

Fled Bricrenn (Old Irish "Bricriu's Feast") is a story from the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. Bricriu, an inveterate troublemaker, invites the nobles of the Ulaid to a feast at his new house at Dún Rudraige (Dundrum, County Down), where he incites three heroes, Cúchulainn, Conall Cernach, and Lóegaire Búadach, to compete for the "champion's portion" of the feast. The three heroes perform several feats, and travel to Connacht to be judged by Ailill and Medb, and to Munster to be judged by Cú Roí, and on each occasion Cúchulainn is proclaimed champion, but the other two refuse to accept it. Eventually, back at Emain Macha, the three heroes are each challenged by a giant churl to cut off his head, on the condition that they allow him to cut off their heads in return. First Lóegaire, then Conall, takes up the challenge and cuts off the churl's head, only for him to pick it up and leave, but when the churl returns the following night they are nowhere to be seen. Only Cúchulainn lives up to his side of the bargain. The churl spares his life, reveals himself to be Cú Roí in disguise, and announces that Cúchulainn's bravery and honour make him undisputed champion.[1]

The story dates from the 8th century and is found in several manuscripts, including the Lebor na hUidre (c. 1106). The motif of warriors competing for the champion's portion is found in another Ulster Cycle tale, Scéla Mucce Maic Dathó ("The Tale of Mac Dathó's Pig"), and is reminiscent of descriptions of customs of the Celts of continental Europe as recorded by classical authors.[2] The beheading challenge also has classical parallels,[3] and also appears in later medieval literary works like Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.[4]

Fled Bricrenn is not to be confused with Fled Bricrenn ocus Loinges mac nDuíl Dermait ("Bricriu's Feast, and the Exile of the sons of Dóel Dermait"), another Ulster Cycle tale which features Bricriu and a prestigious portion of food (airigid).

Manuscript sources

References

  1. Tom Peete Cross & Clark Harris Slover (eds.), Ancient Irish Tales, Henry Holt & Sons, 1936 (reprinted Barnes & Noble, 1996), pp. 254–280.
  2. Athenaeus, Deipnosophists 4.40; Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library 5.28
  3. Athenaeus, Deipnosophists 4.40
  4. James MacKillop, Dictionary of Celtic Mythology, Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 209–210
  5. See John MacKechnie, Catalogue of Gaelic Manuscripts in Selected Libraries in Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1. Boston, 1973. 192–5
  6. Robin Flower, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the British Museum. Vol. 2. London, 1926. 434–7.
  7. T. K. Abbott and E. J. Gwynn, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the library of Trinity College. Dublin, 1921. 125–39 and 355–8.
  8. Abbott and Gwynn, ibidem, 140–58.
  9. Ludwig Christian Stern, "Le manuscrit Irlandais de Leide". Revue Celtique 13 (1892). 1–31.
  10. Kathleen Mulchrone, et al. Catalogue of Irish Manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy. Dublin, 1926–70. 3367–79.

Further reading

Editions and translations

Secondary literature

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