Brazoria County, Texas

Brazoria County, Texas

The Brazoria County Courthouse in Angleton
Map of Texas highlighting Brazoria County
Location in the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
Texas's location in the U.S.
Founded 1836
Named for Brazos River
Seat Angleton
Largest city Pearland
Area
 • Total 1,609 sq mi (4,167 km2)
 • Land 1,358 sq mi (3,517 km2)
 • Water 251 sq mi (650 km2), 16%
Population
 • (2010) 313,166
 • Density 231/sq mi (89/km²)
Congressional districts 14th, 22nd
Time zone Central: UTC-6/-5
Website www.brazoria-county.com

Brazoria County (/brəˈzɔəri.ə/ bra-ZOAR-ee-a) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, the population of the county was 313,166.[1] The county seat is Angleton.[2]

Brazoria County is included in the Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Gulf Coast region of Texas.

Brazoria County has more species of birds than any other area in North America.

Regionally, parts of the county are within the extreme southernmost fringe of the regions locally known as Southeast Texas. Brazoria County is among a number of counties that are part of the region known as the Texas Coastal Bend. Its county seat is Angleton, and its largest city is Pearland. Brazoria County, like nearby Brazos County, takes its name from the Brazos River. The county also includes what was once Velasco, Texas, which was the first capital of the Republic of Texas. It served as the first settlement area for Anglo-Texas, when the Old Three Hundred immigrated from the United States in 1821.

History

Brazoria County, like Brazos County, takes its name from the Brazos River, which flows through it. Anglo-Texas began in Brazoria County when the first of Stephen F. Austin's authorized 300 American settlers arrived at the mouth of the Brazos River in 1821. Many of the events leading to the Texas Revolution developed in Brazoria County. In 1832, Brazoria was organized as a separate municipal district by the Mexican government, and so became one of Texas original counties at independence in 1836.

An early resident of Brazoria County, Joel Walter Robison, fought in the Texas Revolution and later represented Fayette County in the Texas House of Representatives.[3]

Stephen F. Austin's original burial place is located at a church cemetery, Gulf Prairie Cemetery, in the town of Jones Creek, on what was his brother-in-law's "Peach Point Plantation". His remains were exhumed in 1910 and brought to be reinterred at the state capital in Austin. The town of West Columbia served as the first capital of Texas, dating back to pre-revolutionary days.

Group of men at work in Brazoria County, 1939

.

Temple Lea Houston, youngest son of Sam Houston, was c. 1880 the county attorney of Brazoria County. His life story is reflected in the 1963 film The Man from Galveston and the 26-episode 1963-1964 NBC western television series, Temple Houston.[4]

Lake Jackson is a community developed beginning in the early 1940s to provide housing to workers at a new Dow Chemical Company plant in nearby Freeport. The county has elements of both rural and suburban communities, as it is part of the Greater Houston area.

Back view of agricultural trucks, 1939

On June 2, 2016, the flooding of the Brazos River required evacuations for portions of Brazoria County.[5]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,609 square miles (4,170 km2), of which 1,358 square miles (3,520 km2) is land and 251 square miles (650 km2) (16%) is water.[6]

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18504,841—
18607,14347.6%
18707,5275.4%
18809,77429.9%
189011,50617.7%
190014,86129.2%
191013,299−10.5%
192020,61455.0%
193023,05411.8%
194027,06917.4%
195046,54972.0%
196076,20463.7%
1970108,31242.1%
1980169,58756.6%
1990191,70713.0%
2000241,76726.1%
2010313,16629.5%
Est. 2015346,312[7]10.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1850–2010[9] 2010–2014[1]

As of the census[10] of 2000, 241,767 people, 81,954 households, and 63,104 families resided in the county. The population density was 174 people per square mile (67/km²). There were 90,628 housing units at an average density of 65 per square mile (25/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 77.09% White, 8.50% Black or African American, 0.53% Native American, 2.00% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 9.63% from other races, and 2.22% from two or more races. About 22.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. About 12.1% were of German, 11.2% American and 7.2% English ancestry according to Census 2000. About 79.0% spoke only English at home, while 18.1% spoke Spanish.

Of the 81,955 households, 40.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.20% were married couples living together, 10.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.00% were not families. About 19.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82, and the average family size was 3.23.

In the county, the population was distributed as 28.60% under the age of 18, 8.60% from 18 to 24, 32.40% from 25 to 44, 21.50% from 45 to 64, and 8.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 107 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.4 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $48,632, and for a family was $55,282. Males had a median income of $42,193 versus $27,728 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,021. About 8.1% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.6% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 313,166 people residing in the county. 70.1% were White, 12.1% Black or African American, 5.5% Asian, 0.6% Native American, 9.2% of some other race and 2.6% of more than one race. 27.7% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

Government and politics

County representation

The Brazoria County Jail is located at 3602 County Road 45 in unincorporated central Brazoria County, north of Angleton.[11]

State representation

Clemens Unit, one of several prisons in Brazoria County

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) operates six state prisons for men and its Region III office in unincorporated Brazoria County.[12] As of 2007,1,495 full-time correctional job positions were in the county.[13] In 1995, of the counties in Texas, Brazoria had the second-highest number of state prisons and jails, after Walker County.[14] In 2003, a total of 2,572 employees were employed at the six TDCJ facilities.[15] The TDCJ units are:

(The following 3 are co-located in Otey,[20] near Rosharon.[17])

In 2007, TDCJ officials said discussions to move the Central Unit from Sugar Land to Brazoria County were preliminary.[13]

Elected officials

United States Congress

Senators Name Party First Elected Level
  Senate Class 1 John Cornyn Republican 2002 Senior Senator
  Senate Class 2 Ted Cruz Republican 2012 Junior Senator
Representatives Name Party First Elected Area(s) of Brazoria County Represented
  District 14 Randy Weber Republican 2012 (also served Texas' 29th congressional district from 2009-2013) Central and southern areas (Alvin), (Lake Jackson), (Angleton), (Freeport), also part of (Galveston County)
  District 22 Pete Olson Republican 2008 Northern areas (Pearland), Northwest areas (Manvel), also part of (Harris County) and part of (Galveston County)

Texas Legislature

Texas Senate

District Name Party First Elected Area(s) of Brazoria County Represented
  11 Larry Taylor Republican 1999 Northern and central areas
  17 Joan Huffman Republican 2008 Southern areas, Galveston Island and Bolivar Peninsula (Galveston County)

Texas House of Representatives

District Name Party First Elected Area(s) of Brazoria County Represented
  25 Dennis Bonnen Republican 1996 Lake Jackson, Angleton, Freeport
  29 Ed Thompson Republican 2008 Pearland, Alvin, Manvel

Pearland native Kyle Kacal, a Republican from College Station, holds the District 12 state House seat based in Brazos and four neighboring counties.[26]

Education

A variety of school districts serve Brazoria County students. They include:

Alvin Community College and Brazosport College serve as higher education facilities.

The Brazoria County Library System has branches in Alvin, Angleton, Brazoria, Clute, Danbury, Freeport, Lake Jackson, Manvel, Pearland, Sweeny and West Columbia, and runs the Brazoria County Historical Museum.

Transportation

Major highways

Airports

The Texas Gulf Coast Regional Airport, in central unincorporated Brazoria County, is the county's sole publicly owned airport.

The following airports, located in the county, are privately owned and for public use:

The closest airport with regularly scheduled commercial service is Houston's William P. Hobby Airport, located in southern Houston in adjacent Harris County. The Houston Airport System has stated that Brazoria County is within the primary service area of George Bush Intercontinental Airport, an international airport in Houston in Harris County.[27]

Communities

Cities

Towns

Villages

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

See also

References

    1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
    2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
    3. ↑ "Robison, Joel Walter". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
    4. ↑ Billy Hathorn, "Roy Bean, Temple Houston, Bill Longley, Ranald Mackenzie, Buffalo Bill, Jr., and the Texas Rangers: Depictions of West Texans in Series Television, 1955 to 1967", West Texas Historical Review, Vol. 89 (2013), pp. 106-109
    5. ↑ http://www.chron.com/houston/article/Houston-region-braces-for-more-flooding-as-rain-7958840.php
    6. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
    7. ↑ "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
    8. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
    9. ↑ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
    10. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
    11. ↑ "Sheriff's Office Archived September 15, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.." Brazoria County. Accessed September 13, 2008.
    12. ↑ "Region III Director's Office Archived January 25, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on January 8, 2010.
    13. 1 2 Lowman, John. "Talk of prison move preliminary." Brazosport Facts. Wednesday June 6, 2007. Retrieved on May 9, 2010.
    14. ↑ Horswell, Cindy. "For hard-hit economy of Liberty County, crime officially pays." Houston Chronicle. Thursday June 29, 1995. A30. Retrieved on July 23, 2010.
    15. 1 2 Isensee, Bridie. "TDCJ makes overtime changes", Brazosport Facts, 13 August 2003, Retrieved 2010-05-09.
    16. ↑ "CLEMENS (CN)." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Accessed September 12, 2008.
    17. 1 2 Staff and Wire Reports. "Parts of Houston join evacuation," Houston Chronicle, 21 September 2005, Retrieved on May 10, 2010.
    18. ↑ "DARRINGTON (DA)." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Accessed September 12, 2008.
    19. ↑ "SCOTT (RV)." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Accessed September 12, 2008.
    20. ↑ "Table of Contents and Excerpt, Trulson and Marquart, First Available Cell." University of Texas Press. Retrieved on July 16, 2010.
    21. ↑ "RAMSEY (R1) Archived August 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Accessed September 12, 2008.
    22. ↑ "STRINGFELLOW (R2)." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Accessed September 12, 2008.
    23. ↑ Tompkins, John. "Ramsey unit renamed." Brazosport Facts. November 10, 2006. Retrieved on December 7, 2009.
    24. ↑ "C. T. TERRELL (R3)." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Accessed September 12, 2008.
    25. ↑ Timms, Ed. "Uneasy about death row, Terrell wants name off unit Prison expected to be renamed." The Dallas Morning News. July 14, 2001. Retrieved on May 9, 2010. "Another prison the Ramsey III unit in Brazoria County probably will be renamed for Mr Terrell".
    26. ↑ "Kyle Kacal's Biography". votesmart.org. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
    27. ↑ "Master Plan Executive Summary Archived July 11, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.." George Bush Intercontinental Airport Master Plan. Houston Airport System. December 2006. 2-1 (23/130). Retrieved on December 14, 2010.

    External links

    		 Fort Bend County Harris County Galveston County
    Wharton County
    		  Brazoria County, Texas  
    Matagorda County Gulf of Mexico

    Coordinates: 29°10′N 95°26′W / 29.17°N 95.44°W / 29.17; -95.44

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