Biodiversity of Cape Town

Cape Town's original vegetation types

Cape Town's surviving vegetation types

Floristic region (phytochorion)

The city of Cape Town lies within the Cape Floristic Kingdom (by far the smallest and most diverse of the earth’s six floristic kingdoms).^[1]

Vegetation types

Cape Town is located within a Conservation International biodiversity hotspot and is home to a total of 19 different and distinct vegetation types. (This enormous variety is mainly because the city is uniquely located at the convergence point of a great many different soil types and micro-climates.) These 19 vegetation types are mostly restricted to unusually small areas, and several are completely endemic to the city – occurring nowhere else in the world. Vegetation types include the following.^[2]^[3]

Endemism

Of the thousands of plant species that are indigenous to Cape Town, 190 are known to be endemic to the city - occurring nowhere else in the world. In addition, there are over a hundred animal species that are also restricted to the city.^[4] Endemic plant species include the following.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]

Cape Peninsula endemics

Acerentulus gracilis
Agathosma lanceolata (honey buchu)
Agathosma pulchella (skunk buchu)
Algophilus lathridoides (Table Mountain hairy crawling water beetle)
Allocotocerus mixtus (Table Mountain water scavenger beetle)
Aloe commixta (Table Mountain aloe)
Anaxeton arborescens
Anisocampa munroi
Anopsobius patagonicus
Argyrobothrus velocipes
Argyrocupha (Trimenia) malagrida malagrida (Table Mountain copper)
Arion intermedius
Aristea pauciflora (unistem aristea)
Arthroleptella lightfootii (Cape Peninsula moss frog)
Aspalathus barbata (bearded gorse)
Aspalathus borboniifolia (hairy-ridge gorse)
Aspalathus capensis (Cape gorse)
Aspalathus capitata (heady gorse)
Aspalathus chenopoda subsp chenopoda
Aspalathus incurva (incurved gorse)
Aspalathus variegata (Cape Flats gorse)
Athanasia capitata (unihead kanniedood)
Aulonogyrus (Afrogyrus) sp. undescribed
Australutica normanlarseni
Austrolimnophila thornei
Austromontia capensis
Bidessus mundulus
Bobartia gladiata subsp major (spearleaf laces)
Bonaspeia cristata
Brachysiphon fucatus (Peninsula sissies)
Caffrolix cyclopia
Caffrolix petreulis
Calopsis gracilis (small tangle reed)
Capeolix picturatus
Caplopa sordida
Cephalelus ivyae (Peninsula restio leafhopper)
Ceramontia tabulae (Table Mountain trinon harvestman)
Chersastus pococki
Chersastus promontorius
Cliffortia carinata (crown climbers-friend)
Cliffortia discolor (summit climbers-friend)
Cliffortia ericifolia (erica-leaf climbers-friend)
Cliffortia theodori-friesii var. theodori-friesii (climbers-friend 1)
Colophon westwoodi (Peninsula stag beetle)
Cotula myriophylloides (watergrass button)
Crassula capensis var. promontorii (cliff Cape snowdrop)
Crozetulus scutatus (cave orb-web spider)
Cryptadaeum capense
Cryptops stupendus (Peninsula cave millipede)
Ctenolepisma tenebrans (Peninsula silverfish)
Cthoniella cavernicola (Peninsula cave pseudoscorpion)
Cyclopia galioides (Peninsula honeybush)
Cyclopia latifolia (broad-leaf honeybush)
Cylichnogaster lawrencei
Cylindroiulus truncorum
Cytinus capensis (Peninsula bloodcup)
Diastella divaricata subsp divaricata (Peninsula silkypuff)
Diores capensis
Diores cognatus
Diploexochus tabularis
Dipteretrum brinckae (Brinks Peninsula cockroach)
Disa ecalcarata (spurless disa)
Disa nubigena (cloud disa)
Disa obtusa subsp. obtusa
Dolichopeza barnardi
Dolichopeza peringueyi
Drosanthemum stokoei (searock dewfig)
Drosera cuneifolia (Peninsula sundew)
Elegia intermedia (scratchy golden reed)
Eleocharis lepta (Peninsula water sedge)
Eodrilus arelinus
Eodrilus drygaskii
Eodrilus kirstenboschensis
Eodrilus palustris
Eodrilus purcellii
Eodrilus riebeekanus
Eodrilus simonianus
Eodrilus tormentosus
Erepsia forficata (rock everfig)
Erica abietina subsp. abietina (red heath)
Erica abietina subsp. atrorosea (wine-red heath)
Erica abietina subsp. constantiana (Constantia heath)
Erica abietina subsp. diabolis (devils heath)
Erica amoena (delightful heath)
Erica annectens (cliff-hanger heath)
Erica baccans (berry heath)
Erica capensis (Cape heath)
Erica caterviflora var. caterviflora (bunch heath)
Erica caterviflora var. glabrata (troop heath)
Erica clavisepala (club heath)
Erica cyrilliflora (red hill heath)
Erica depressa (dwarf heath)
Erica diosmifolia (buchu-leaf heath 2)
Erica eburnea (ivory heath)
Erica empetrina (crowberry heath)
Erica fairii (fairy heath)
Erica fontana (fountain heath)
Erica haematocodon (bloodbell heath)
Erica halicacaba (gooseberry heath)
Erica heleogena (marsh heath)
Erica hirtiflora var. hirtiflora (hairy-flower heath)
Erica limosa (mud heath)
Erica mammosa subsp gilva (Peninsula ninepin heath)
Erica margaritacea (pearl heath)
Erica marifolia (flat-leaf heath)
Erica mollis (soft heath)
Erica nevillei (rock heath)
Erica oxycoccifolia (cranberry heath)
Erica paludicola (wiry heath)
Erica physodes (bladder heath)
Erica pilulifera (fine-hair heath)
Erica planifolia (gland heath)
Erica pyramidalis (pyramid heath)
Erica pyxidiflora (box heath)
Erica quadrisulcata (four-grooved heath)
Erica sociorum (partner heath)
Erica subcapitata (pinhead heath)
Erica thimifolia (carpet heath)
Erica turgida (showy heath)
Erica urna-viridis (bottle-green heath)
Erica verticillata (whorled heath)
Eupolystoma anterorchis (western leopard toad flatworm)
Eurytion brevis
Eurytion trichopus
Ficinia anceps (vleibiessie)
Ficinia fastigiata (vleibiessie)
Ficinia micrantha (smallflower vleibiessie)
Galaxias zebratus Southern Peninsula population
Geissorhiza bonaspei (Goodhope satinflower)
Geissorhiza tabularis (Table Mountain satinflower)
Gerbera wrightii
Gethyllis kaapensis (Peninsula kukumakranka)
Gladiolus aureus (golden lady)
Gladiolus bonaspei (Good Hope lady)
Gladiolus monticola (mountain lady)
Gladiolus ornatus (ornate lady)
Gladiolus vigilans (plain painted lady)
Gnidia parvula (poor saffronbush)
Griswoldia ceratogyna
Harpactirella treleaveni (Table Mountain golden baboon spider)
Harpethrix caeca (Peninsula cave millipede)
Hekelus episimus 3
Heleophryne rosei (Table Mountain ghost frog)
Helichrysum fruticans
Helichrysum grandiflorum
Helictotrichon quinquesetum (Peninsula oats)
Heliophila cinerea
Heliophila promontorii
Heliophila tabularis (Table Mountain sporrie)
Hermannia micrantha (small-flowered dolls-rose)
Herophydrus capensis
Heterocerus capensis
Hoplophoropyga unicolor (dull Peninsula cockroach)
Idiognaphomyia ignava
Indigofera candolleana (denseleaf indigo)
Indigofera filiformis (long-stalk indigo)
Indigofera mauritanica (discolorous indigo)
Indigofera sp. nov. aff. gracilis (slender indigo)
Isolepis bulbifera (green-and-red isolepis)
Japyx barnardi var. relata
Japyx gilli
Julomorpha compacta
Julomorpha hilaris
Julomorpha ignava
Kaapia darwini
Lachenalia capensis (Cape viooltjie)
Lampranthus curvifolius (Bakoven brightfig)
Lampranthus multiradiatus (brilliant brightfig)
Lampranthus promontorii (rock brightfig)
Lampranthus stenus (narrow brightfig)
Lamyctopristus granulosus
Lamyctopristus validus
Larifuga capensis
Larifuga montana
Lawrencella inermis
Leielmis sp. undescribed
Lephthyphantes rimicola (cave sheet-web spider)
Lepidium capense (Cape pepperweed)
Leptocerus tabularis (Peninsula long-horn caddisfly)
Leucadendron grandiflorum (Wynberg conebush)
Leucadendron macowanii (acacia-leaf conebush)
Leucadendron strobilinum (Peninsula conebush)
Leucospermum conocarpodendron subsp. conocarpodendron (grey tree pincushion)
Liparia graminifolia (grass mountain pea)
Liparia laevigata (tall mountain pea)
Liparia parva (small mountain dahlia)
Lobelia boivinii (creeping lobelia)
Lobelia eckloniana (Ecklons lobelia)
Longurio chionoides
Longurio micropteryx 4
Machiloides leonis
Machiloides mensarius
Machiloides obsotetus
Machiloides silvestrii
Macrosteles sexnotatus
Malaika longipes (cave hackle-mesh spider)
Marioniscus spatulifrons
Mesoceration capense
Mesoceration concessum
Meta sp. nov.
Metalasia compacta (compact blombos)
Metalasia divergens subsp. divergens
Metalasia divergens subsp. fusca
Micradaeum rugosum
Microdon nitidus (silver catstailbush)
Mimetes fimbriifolius (fringed pagoda)
Moggeridgea teresae (Peninsula bagnest spider)
Molopopterus struthiolus
Montadaeum purcelli
Moraea aristata (blue-eye uintjie)
Morella diversifolia (Peninsula waxberry)
Muraltia acipetala (spiny purple-gorse)
Muraltia brachypetala (sessile purple-gorse)
Muraltia comptonii (spiny-tip purple-gorse)
Muraltia curvipetala (needle-leaf purple-gorse)
Muraltia demissa (curly-haired purple-gorse)
Muraltia diabolica (devils purple-gorse)
Muraltia mixta (roughpod purple-gorse)
Muraltia orbicularis (round-leaf purple-gorse)
Muraltia pageae (Page's purple-gorse)
Muraltia satureioides var. salteri (Karbonkelberg purple-gorse)
Muraltia stipulacea (bunch-leaf purple-gorse)
Nemesia micrantha (Peninsula snapdragon)
Osmitopsis dentata (toothed swampdaisy)
Pachyodontus languidus (Peninsula ground beetle)
Parachilota parvus
Parachilota schultzei
Parachilota starke
Parachilota tokaiensis
Parajapyx afer
Paralamyctes asperulus
Paramelita auricularius
Paramelita barnardi (Peninsula cave amphipod)
Paramelita capensis
Paramelita dentata
Paramelita magna
Paramelita magnicornis
Paramelita marunguis 5
Paramelita pheronyx
Paranotoniscus capensis
Pentameris longiglumis subsp. longiglumis (Table Mountain longglume)
Peripatopsis alba (cave velvetworm)
Peripatopsis leonine (lion velvetworm)
Perisphaeria carlgreni (Peninsula trilobyte cockroach)
Petroplax caricis (Peninsula golden-case caddisfly)
Petrothrincus circularis
Philocaffrus bifalcatus
Phylica schlechteri (Peninsula phylica)
Platentomus sobrinus
Platylimnobia montana
Pneuminion balfourbrownei
Pneuminion semisulcatum
Poeciloblatta angusta
Polycarena silenoides (granite Cape flax)
Prismatocarpus nitidus (silver longfuit)
Progonogamia rehni
Prostethops megacephalus
Prostethops nitens
Protojanira leleupi
Pseudocloeon magae (Peninsula minnow mayfly)
Pseudoselago peninsulae (Peninsula purplepuff)
Psoralea glaucina (Peninsula three-leaf pea)
Pterostethops equestris
Pterygodium connivens (Peninsula bonnet)
Quamtana leptopholcica
Restio communis (fine cord reed)
Restio dodii var. dodii (Dodd's marsh cord reed)
Rhampsinitus levis
Roella amplexicaulis (rigid bell)
Roella decurrens (longbase bell)
Roella goodiana (klaver bell)
Roella recurvata (recurved bell)
Roella squarrosa (mat bell)
Roella triflora (blackeye bell)
Roeweria inerriiis
Rostromontia capensis
Rostromontia granulifer
Rotandrela rotanda
Ruschia promontorii (rock turretfig)
Ruschia rubricaulis (red-stem turretfig)
Scabiosa africana (Cape scabious)
Senecio verbascifolius (Peninsula ragwort)
Serruria collina (lost spiderhead)
Serruria cyanoides (Wynberg spiderhead)
Serruria decumbens (Peninsula spiderhead)
Serruria foeniculacea (Rondevlei spiderhead)
Serruria glomerata (cluster spiderhead) 6
Serruria hirsuta (Swartkops spiderhead)
Serruria villosa (valley spiderhead)
Sheldonia capsula
Solpuga grindleyi (Peninsula sunspider)
Spelaeogryphus lepidops (cave shrimp)
Speleiacris tabulae (cave camel cricket)
Speleomontia cavernicola (cave trinon harvestman)
Speleosiro argasiformis (cave sironid harvestman)
Spermophora gordimerae (Peninsula daddylonglegs)
Spermophora peninsulae (cave daddylonglegs)
Sphaerotherium ancillare
Sphaerotherium eremita
Sphaerotherium monticola
Sphaerotherium weberi
Staavia dodii (dolls diamondeyes)
Staavia glutinosa (sticky diamondeyes)
Stoebe rosea (rose slangbos)
Tetraria autumnalis (Sirkelsvlei mountain sedge)
Tetraria graminifolia (Peninsula mountain sedge)
Tetraria paludosa (pale mountain sedge)
Tetraria variabilis (varied mountain sedge)
Thamnochortus levynsiae (cliff dangle reed)
Thamnochortus nutans (cloud dangle reed)
Thesium pseudovirgatum (false-branched rootthug)
Thestor yildizae (Peninsula thestor)
Trachycystis cosmia (cosmic pinwheel)
Trachycystis perplicata (Cape pinwheel)
Trianoptiles solitaria (solitary bristle sedge)
Trichoniscus austro-africanus
Trichoniscus capensis
Trichoniscus tabulae (cave sowbug)
Trichostetha mimetica (Peninsula chafer)
Uroplectes insignis (Newlands scorpion)
Ursinia tenuifolia subsp tenuifolia
Villarsia goldblattiana (Peninsula bogbean)
Wahlenbergia brehmeri
Wahlenbergia pyrophila (fire capebell)
Walesobius excrescens
Watsonia tabularis (Table Mountain watsonia)
Willdenowia affinis (Table Mountain window reed)
Wurmbea hiemalis (black spikelily)

Additional species

Leucadendron levisanus (Cape Flats conebush)
Aspalathus variegata (Cape Flats gorse) (extinct)
Lepidochrysops methymna dicksoni (Dicksons dark opal) (Tygerberg)
Cliffortia ericifolia (erica-leaf climbers-friend)
Ixia versicolor (flats kollosie)
Liparia graminifolia (grass mountain pea) (extinct)
Serruria furcellata (Kraaifontein spiderhead)
Lampranthus stenus (narrow brightfig)
Erica margaritacea (pearl heath)
Erica pyramidalis (pyramid heath) (extinct)
Serruria foeniculacea (Rondevlei spiderhead)
Erica turgida (showy heath) (extinct)
Trianoptiles solitaria (solitary bristle sedge)
Serruria aemula (strawberry spiderhead)
Athanasia capitata (unihead kanniedood)
Tetraria variabilis (varied mountain sedge)
Erica verticillata (whorled heath) (extinct)

Species records in South African Biodiversity Database

Mammals

Mammals present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.^[10]^[11]

Acomys subspinosus (Cape spiny mouse)
Amblysomus hottentotus (Hottentot golden mole)
Aonyx capensis (Cape clawless otter)
Arctocephalus pusillus (Cape fur seal)
Atilax paludinosus (water mongoose)
Eubalaena glacialis (southern right whale)
Bathyergus suillus (Cape dune molerat)
Canis lupus familiaris (domestic dog)
Cephalorhynchus heavisidii (Heaviside's dolphin)
Chlorotalpa duthieae (Duthie's golden mole)
Connochaetes gnou (black wildebeest)
Crocidura cyanea (reddish-grey musk shrew)
Cryptomys hottentotus (common molerat)
Cynictis penicillata (yellow mongoose)
Damaliscus pygargus pygargus (bontebok)
Delphinus delphis (common dolphin)
Dendromus melanotis (grey climbing mouse)
Dendromus mesomelas (brant's climbing mouse)
Elephantulus edwardii (Cape rock elephant-shrew)
Eptesicus capensis (Cape serotine bat)
Eremitalpa granti (Grant's golden mole)
Felis caracal (caracal)
Felis silvestris catus (domestic cat)
Galerella pulverulenta (small grey mongoose)
Genetta genetta (smallspotted genet)
Genetta tigrina (large-spotted genet)
Georychus capensis (Cape molerat)
Gerbillurus paeba (hairyfooted gerbil)
Herpestes ichneumon (large grey mongoose)
Hippopotamus amphibius (hippopotamus)
Hystrix africaeaustralis (porcupine)
Ictonyx striatus (striped polecat)
Kogia simus (dwarf sperm whale)
Lagenodelphis hosei (Fraser's dolphin)
Lagenorhynchus obscurus (dusky dolphin)
Lepus capensis (Cape hare)
Lepus saxatilis (scrub hare)
Myomyscus verreauxii, syn. Mastomys verreauxii (Verreaux's mouse)
Mellivora capensis (honey badger)
Mirounga leonina (southern elephant seal)
Mus minutoides (African pygmy mouse)
Mus musculus (house mouse)
Myosorex varius (forest shrew)
Mystromys albicaudatus (whitetailed mouse)
Orcinus orca (killer whale)
Oreotragus oreotragus (klipspringer)
Orycteropus afer (aardvark)
Otocyon megalotis (bat-eared fox)
Otomys irroratus (vlei rat)
Otomys unisulcatus (bush Karoo rat)
Panthera pardus (leopard)
Papio ursinus (chacma baboon)
Pelea capreolus (grey rhebok)
Poecilogale albinucha (striped weasel)
Procavia capensis (rock dassie)
Pronolagus rupestris (Smith's red rock rabbit)
Pseudorca crassidens (false killer whale)
Raphicerus campestris (steenbok)
Raphicerus melanotis (Cape grysbok)
Rattus norvegicus (brown rat)
Rattus rattus (house rat)
Rhabdomys pumilio (striped mouse, striped field mouse)
Rousettus aegyptiacus (Egyptian fruit bat)
Sciurus carolinensis (eastern gray squirrel|grey squirrel)
Suncus varilla (lesser dwarf shrew)
Sylvicapra grimmia (common duiker)
Tatera afra (Cape gerbil)
Vulpes chama (Cape fox)
Ziphius cavirostris (Cuvier's beaked whale)

Fish

Fish present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.^[10]^[11]

Amblyrhynchotes honkenii (evil-eyed blaasop)
Anguilla mossambica steinitzi (longfin eel)
Atherina breviceps (Cape silverside)
Caffrogobius multifasciatus (prison goby)
Caffrogobius nudiceps (barehead goby)
Clarias gariepinus (sharp-tooth catfish)
Cyprinus carpio (carp)
Galaxias zebratus (Cape galaxias)
Gambusia affinis (mosquito fish)
Gilchristella aestuarius (estuarine round-herring)
Heteromycteris capensis (Cape sole)
Lichia amia (garrick)
Lithognathus lithognathus (white steenbras)
Liza dumerilii (groovy mullet)
Liza richardsonii (southern mullet)
Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)
Mugil cephalus (flathead mullet)
Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)
Pomatomus saltatrix (elf)
Psammogobius knysnaensis (Knysna goby)
Rhabdosargus globiceps (white stumpnose)
Rhabdosargus holubi (Cape stumpnose)
Solea bleekeri (blackhand sole)
Leptonotus norae (longsnout pipefish)
Tilapia sparrmanii (banded tilapia)

Reptiles

Reptiles present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.^[10]^[11]

Acontias meleagris (Cape legless skink)
Acontias meleagris meleagris (Cape legless skink)
Acontias meleagris orientalis (Cape legless skink)
Afrogecko porphyreus (marbled leaf-toed gecko, marbled leaftoed gecko)
Agama atra (southern rock agama)
Aspidelaps lubricus lubricus (coral snake)
Bitis arietans (puff adder, puffadder)
Bitis atropos (berg adder)
Bradypodion pumilum (Cape dwarf chameleon)
Chamaesaura anguina (Cape grass lizard)
Chersina angulata (angulate tortoise)
Cordylus cordylus (Cape girdled lizard)
Cordylus niger (black girdled lizard)
Cordylus polyzonus (Karoo girdled lizard)
Dasypeltis scabra (common eggeater)
Dispholidus typus (boomslang)
Duberria lutrix (common slug eater)
Duberria lutrix lutrix (common slugeater)
Geochelone pardalis (leopard tortoise)
Goggia lineata (striped dwarf leaf-toed gecko, striped dwarf leaftoed gecko)
Hemachatus haemachatus (rinkhals)
Homopus areolatus (parrot-beaked tortoise, parrotbeaked tortoise)
Homoroselaps lacteus (spotted harlequin snake)
Lamprophis aurora (Aurora house snake)
Lamprophis capensis (brown house snake)
Lamprophis guttatus (spotted house snake)
Lamprophis inornatus (olive house snake)
Leptotyphlops longicaudus (long-tailed thread snake, longtailed thread snake)
Lycodonomorphus rufulus (common brown water snake)
Meroles knoxii (Knox's desert lizard)
Naja nivea (Cape cobra)
Pachydactylus austeni (Austen's thick-toed gecko, Austen's thicktoed gecko)
Pachydactylus geitje (ocellated thick-toed gecko, ocellated thicktoed gecko)
Pachydactylus labialis (Western Cape thick-toed gecko, Western Cape thicktoed gecko)
Pedioplanis lineoocellata (spotted sand lizard)
Pelomedusa subrufa (marsh terrapin)
Psammophis crucifer (cross-marked grass snake, crossmarked grass snake)
Psammophis leightoni (Cape sand snake)
Psammophis notostictus (Karoo sand snake)
Psammophylax rhombeatus (rhombic skaapsteker)
Pseudaspis cana (mole snake)
Pseudocordylus microlepidotus (Cape crag lizard)
Ramphotyphlops braminus (flower-pot snake, flowerpot snake)
Rhinotyphlops lalandei (Delalande's beaked blind snake, Delalande’s blind snake)
Scelotes bipes (silvery dwarf burrowing skink)
Scelotes montispectus (Blaauwberg dwarf burrowing skink)
Tetradactylus seps (short-legged seps, shortlegged seps)
Tetradactylus tetradactylus (common long-tailed seps, common longtailed seps)
Trachylepis capensis (Cape skink)
Trachylepis homalocephala (red-sided skink, redsided skink)
Typhlosaurus aurantiacus (golden blind legless skink)
Typhlosaurus caecus (Cuvier's blind legless skink)

Amphibians

Amphibians present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.^[10]^[11]

Amietia fuscigula (Cape river frog)
Amietophrynus pantherinus (western leopard toad)
Amietophrynus rangeri (raucous toad)
Arthroleptella landdrosia (landroskop moss frog)
Arthroleptella villiersi (Villiersdorp moss frog)
Breviceps gibbosus (Cape rain frog)
Breviceps montanus (Cape mountain rin frog)
Breviceps namaquensis (Namaqua rain frog)
Breviceps rosei (sand rain frog)
Cacosternum boettgeri (common caco)
Cacosternum platys (flat caco)
Heleophryne rosei (Table Mountain ghost frog)
Hyperolius horstockii (arum lily frog, arum lily reed frog)
Hyperolius marmoratus (painted reed frog)
Microbatrachella capense (micro frog)
Strongylopus bonaspei (banded stream frog)
Strongylopus grayii (clicking stream frog)
Strongylopus grayii grayii (clicking stream frog)
Tomopterna delalandii (Cape sand frog)
Vandijkophrynus angusticeps (sand toad)
Xenopus laevis (common platanna)

Insects

Insects present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.^[10]^[11]

Acraea horta (garden acraea)
Anax imperator (blue emperor)
Apis mellifera capensis (Cape honeybee)
Cacyreus marshalli (common geranium bronze)
Chrysoritis pyroeis pyroeis (sand-dune opal)
Colias electo electo (African clouded yellow)
Crocothemis erythraea (broad scarlet)
Danaus chrysippus aegyptius (African monarch)
Dira clytus clytus (Cape autumn widow)
Eichochrysops messapus messapus (cupreous blue)
Gegenis niso niso (common Hottentot)
Ischnura senegalensis (common bluetail)
Lampides boeticus (lucerne blue)
Leptotes brevidentatus (short-toothed blue)
Leptotes pirithous (common pea blue)
Macroglossum trochilus (African humming bird moth)
Metisella metis metis (golden-spotted sylph)
Orthetrum caffrum (two-striped skimmer)
Orthetrum julia (Julia skimmer)
Papilio demodocus demodocus (citrus swallowtail)
Pieris brassicae (cabbage white)
Pontia helice helice (meadow white)
Pseudonympha magus (silver-bottom brown, silver bottomed brown)
Tarucus thespis (vivid blue)
Tramea limbata (ferruginous glider)
Vanessa cardui (painted lady)
Zophopetes dysmephila (palm-tree nightfighter)
Zyzeeria knysna (sooty blue)

Fungi

Fungi present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.^[10]^[11]

Agaricus bisporus (cultivated mushroom)
Agaricus campestris (field mushroom)
Agaricus xanthodermus (yellow-staining mushroom)
Amanita muscaria (fly agaric)
Coprinus comatus (shaggy ink cap)
Coprinus micaceus (glistening ink cap)
Favolaschia thwaitesii
Gymnopilus junonius (orange tuft)
Gymnopilus penetrans (small pine cap)
Laccaria laccata (the deceiver)
Lactarius deliciosus (pine ring)
Lactarius vietus (gray milk cap)
Laschia thwaitesii
Lepiota felina (cat parasol)
Macrolepiota zeyheri (white parasol)
Mycena leptocephala (thin-capped mycena)
Pycnoporus sanguineus (orange polypore)
Russula capensis (Cape russula)
Russula sardonia (purple stemmed russula)
Stereum hirsutum (the hairy stereum)
Suillus bellinii (pine bolete)
Tricholoma albobrunneum (brown knightly mushroom)
Vascellum praetense (common puffball)
Volvariella speciosa (rose-gilled grisette)

References

↑ "Environmental Resource Management in the city of Cape Town".
↑ http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Documents/Vegetation%20Types.mht
↑ http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Pages/VegetationTypes.aspx
↑ "Endemic Species of the city of Cape Town" (PDF).
↑ http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Pages/BrochuresBooklets.aspx
↑ http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Documents/Biodiv_fact_sheet_suppl_Endemic_spp_list_2010-03.pdf
↑ A.B. Low & A.G. Rebelo (eds). Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland, a companion to the vegetation map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Dept Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. 85pp. ISBN 0-621-17316-9.
↑ A.G. Rebelo, C. Boucher, N. Helme, L. Mucina, M.C. Rutherford et al. 2006. Fynbos Biome, in: L. Mucina & M.C. Rutherford (eds). The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19, pp 52‐219.
↑ Anthony G. Rebelo, Patricia M. Holmes, Clifford Dorse & Julia Wood. Cape Town: Averting a Biodiversity Megadisaster? Unpublished MS.
1 2 3 4 5 6 http://www.biodiversity.co.za/
1 2 3 4 5 6 Updated from South African Biodiversity Database (http://www.biodiversity.co.za/) as species present in Cape Town on 2011/01/06

Biodiversity worldwide

Africa	Democratic Republic of the Congo Ethiopia Madagascar Morocco Nigeria Rodrigues Rwanda Seychelles South Africa Cape Town South Sudan Tanzania

Asia	Azerbaijan Bahrain Bhutan Borneo Cambodia China Georgia India Assam Indonesia Japan Pakistan Philippines Russia South Korea Sri Lanka Vietnam Yemen

Europe	Azerbaijan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Finland Georgia Germany Iceland Latvia Montenegro Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Ireland Romania Russia Slovenia Ukraine United Kingdom Wales

North America	Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Jamaica Martinique Mexico Nicaragua Trinidad and Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands

Oceania	Australia New Caledonia New Zealand Papua New Guinea

South America	Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Peru Suriname Venezuela

Antarctica	Antarctica

Biodiversity hotspot Global 200 Key Biodiversity Areas Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/17/2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.