Bhuvan

This article is about the software. For the Indian film character, see Lagaan.
"Bhoo" redirects here. For the Indian village, see Bhoo, India.
Bhuvan
Developer(s) ISRO
Initial release August 12, 2009
Stable release
Beta / August 12, 2015 (2015-08-12)
Operating system cross platform
Available in English, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu
Type Geographic information system, Virtual globe
Licence Freeware / Public domain[1]
Website http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/

Bhuvan, (lit: Earth), is a software application which allows users to explore a 2D/3D representation of the surface of the Earth. The browser is specifically tailored to view India, offering the highest resolution in this region and providing content in four local languages.[2][3] A beta version[4] was launched on 12 August 2009.[5]

Apart from visualization Bhuvan provides timely disaster support services (domestic and international),[6][7] free satellite data and a products download facility,[8][9] and rich thematic datasets.[10] Bhuvan is using a crowdsourcing approach to enrich its maps and collect point of interest data.[11] It also acts as a platform for hosting government data (example - Karnataka Forest Department datasets).[12][13]

A series of Bhuvan Application Services that are diversified and relevant for many ministries were released on August 12,2015 . These new application services include 1m Satellite images for more than 300 Cities in the country, Varieties of Applications for Forest and Environment sector of MOEFCC – Depiction of ENVIS centre database “CRIS” to highlight various environmental parameters, Toll information system for NHAI – A national database of national highways and Toll plazas, Geotagging and controlled crowd sourcing application for AP Housing Corporation Ltd., which has enabled geotagging of 3.8 million houses in AP with field photos and important attributes of housing in AP, Islands information system for developmental decision making for Border Management, MHA, Live link of the GIS databases of North East Region (NER) that showcases tools for better planning and development of NE States, A new tool on Bhuvan, enabling Data Discovery and Metadata display for the ease of navigation by the user community, Cultural heritage sites of the country and its management on geospatial platform – National database for Ministry of Culture & Archaeological Survey of India among others. One application on 3D city models/ views with Extrusions of the buildings and virtual city models was also released. This would be a useful tool for Smart City program of the Government. Other applications include Horticulture area mapping and assessment for Mango, Banana and Citrus fruits – A National Mission of DAC, MOA, Bhujal database and visualization – Country wide ground water maps, with state-wise access to the online services for drinking water and recharge structures, Geospatial tools for the Schools – GIS for class 9 and class 10, including neighbourhood mapping tools for school children as part of School Bhuvan, GAIL pipeline surveillance and monitoring system, pilot scale implementation for 640 km stretch in Gujarat. E-governance model for image and geospatial based techniques, Mobile smart phone applications for varieties of crowd sourcing applications – Particular focus is on “Clean Ganga” Mission of MOWR. The tool “Bhuvan Ganga” now available on public domain for people to participate in providing vital information for Clean Ganga project.[1]

Overview

[ISRO] launched the beta version of its web-based GIS tool, Bhuvan, on August 12, 2009. Bhuvan offers detailed imagery of Indian locations compared to other Virtual Globe Software, with spatial resolutions ranging up to 1 metre.[14] At present 177 cities High resolution datasets are available,[15] while the other part of the country is covered by 2.5m resolution imagery. Locations will be viewable from different perspectives, and the software will also provide functionality for the measurement of distances and other geoprocessing capabilities. The Bhuvan portal is designed to run on slow Internet connections. The images available do not include any military installations in India, due to security concerns.[16]

The National Remote Sensing Agency played an important role in the development of this product. ISRO has used data provided by satellites including Resourcesat-1, Cartosat-1 and Cartosat-2 to get the best possible imagery of India.

Bhuvan-2D is developed using open-source software Geospatial solutions (UMN Mapserver, Geoserver, OpenLayers).2D images are available on all mobile browsers, including Apple's iOS.[17] All other Bhuvan applications and services are developed by taking Bhuvan-2D as a base. Bhuvan also provides faiclity to view satellite imagery in 3-Dimensional format. Earlier Bhuvan-3D was based on a product of Skyline Software Systems. On the 5th Anniversary of Bhuvan on 12 August 2014 Bhuvan has released an Open-source tool (Cesium : webGL Javascript Library) based Virtual Globe.[18] This 3D tool is platform independent and Plug-in free. Bhuvan also provides an android based application for field data collection.[19][20]

Features

Bhuvan allows users to view 2D and 3D images, along with information on soil, wasteland and water resources on the Indian subcontinent. Users can superimpose administrative boundaries of their choice, from a selection of boundaries available, on images as required. Bhuvan also allows visualization of AWS (Automatic Weather Station) data in the graphic view, as well as in tabular form. Users can "fly" from one location to another, and also navigate using the 3D view pop-up menu (with fly-in, fly out, jump in, jump around and view point controls). The software features Heads-Up Display (HUD) navigation controls (tilt slider, opacity control, compass ring and zoom slider). There is also a drawing function, which allows users to draw certain objects in both 2D (text labels, polylines, polygons, rectangles, 2D arrows, circles and ellipses) and 3D (placing of expressive 3D models, 3D polygons and boxes). Users can create snapshots (copies the 3D view to a floating window and allows to save to an external file) to record images and use measurement tools (horizontal distance, aerial distance, vertical distance, measure area) to record distances. Shadow analysis also allows a user to view terrain as it would appear at a specified time of day, by setting the sun position appropriately for the given time, thus creating accurate shadows and lighting.

ISRO plans to allow the end-user to participate in the development of features for the product in the future.

Some of the functionality planned for future versions includes:

Plugin download

Bhuvan-3D released in 2009 requires Plugin and best viewed on IE 8 in windows machine. However, on its 5th anniversary(12 Aug 2014), Bhuvan has rolled our platform & plug-in independent Bhuvan 3D.[21]

Technical requirements

Bhuvan 2D is compatible with all browsers and operating systems and does not require any plug-in installation. Bhuvan 2D is based on the open source application Geo-spatial solutions. Bhuvan 2D can also be accessed through mobile phones also without any plugin installation.

The previous version of Bhuvan 3D can run only on the Windows operating system and is optimized for Internet Explorer 6 and higher, with Protected Mode turned off. Bhuvan uses a plugin which is around 11 MB in size, and has to be installed prior to access. The plugin is only supported on Internet Explorer for Microsoft Windows. Google Chrome, Firefox and other platforms were not supported.

The latest version of Bhuvan 3D[22] requires only a webGL enabled browser[23] and is platform independent.

Criticism

Since the launch of Bhuvan, users have experienced various difficulties. One problem is that the Bhuvan site has, at various times, been either inaccessible or very slow (due to less band width and servers). Users are required to register before they can use the product, and downloads of plug-ins up to 11 MB in size are needed for the application to work. Furthermore, the plugin only works on Windows, and only Internet Explorer is supported. However now Bhuvan is improving and does not require Login to visualize the maps.[24] Users need to register only when they wish to download satellite data (up to 25m resolution LISS-III data) and products (like NDVI, OHC datasets, Cartosat Digital Elevation Model etc.) To overcome the Plugin restrictions and platform-dependency for 3D -visualization, Bhuvan has come with a WebGL based open-source virtual globe. It only requires WebGL enabled browsers.[25]

It renders layers unevenly and sometimes images are completely blocked. Bhuvan promises images from a perceived altitude of 10 metres, but technical analysts dispute the results. If many locations of same name exist, Bhuvan is supposed to give multiple results so that users can choose the intended location, but Bhuvan sometimes fails to return multiple results.

Since the initial, buggy beta release, a more stable version has been released, with which users have reported fewer problems. A discussion forum has also been started for users experiencing difficulties.[26]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=124916
  2. ↑ "Welcome to Bhuvan | ISRO's Geoportal | Gateway to Indian Earth Observation". Bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in. 2013-04-25. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
  3. ↑ "India to launch Bhuvan in March 2009". Silicon India. 2008-11-23. Archived from the original on 25 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
  4. ↑ "Bhuvan, Indian Earth Observation Visualisation". ISRO. 2009-08-12. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
  5. ↑ "Bhuvan: India's answer to Google Earth". Jai Bihar. 2009-08-12. Archived from the original on August 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
  6. ↑ http://www.medianama.com/2013/01/223-bhuvan-new-datasets/
  7. ↑ bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/disaster
  8. ↑ http://www.medianama.com/2014/02/223-bhuvan-upgraded-mapping-tool-2-5d-city-models-better-high-res-imagery-others/
  9. ↑ bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/data
  10. ↑ http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/gis/thematic/index.php
  11. ↑ http://trak.in/tags/business/2013/11/28/isro-bhuvan-android-app-bhuvanpoi-location-mapping/
  12. ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/now-track-karnataka-forests-online/article3992540.ece
  13. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-08-12. Retrieved 2014-08-11.
  14. ↑ http://www.gisresources.com/bhuvan-updates-gateway-indian-earth-observation/
  15. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 2014-08-12.
  16. ↑ "ISRO's Bhuvan stands up to Google Earth". Merinews.com. 2009-08-13. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
  17. ↑ http://www.medianama.com/2013/08/223-bhuvan-goes-mobile-but-not-on-play-store/
  18. ↑ http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/globe
  19. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2014-08-12.
  20. ↑ http://trak.in/tags/business/2013/11/28/isro-bhuvan-android-app-bhuvanpoi-location-mapping/
  21. ↑ http://www.gisresources.com/nrsc-launched-plug-independent-bhuvan-3d/
  22. ↑ http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/globe
  23. ↑ http://get.webgl.org/
  24. ↑ http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/map/
  25. ↑ http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/globe
  26. ↑ "Bhuvan Discussion Forum • Index page". Bhuvan-forum.nrsc.gov.in. Retrieved 2013-05-20.

External links

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