Bazadaise
 | |
| Conservation status | FAO (2007): not at risk[1]:143 |
|---|---|
| Other names | Bazadais |
| Country of origin | France |
| Distribution | Aquitaine, Midi-Pyrénées[2] |
| Traits | |
| Weight | Male: average 1000 kg[3] |
| Female: average 750 kg[3] | |
| Height | Male: average 145 cm[3] |
| Female: average 140 cm[3] | |
| Skin color | black |
| Coat | grey |
| Horn status | horned in both sexes |
|
Cattle Bos (primigenius) taurus | |
The Bazadaise is a French breed of beef cattle. It takes its name from the town of Bazas in the département of the Gironde, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France, and originates in the low-lying areas to the south of the River Garonne near that town.[4]:124 A festival, the Fête des Boeufs Gras, is held each year in Bazas to present fattened Bazadaise stock.
History
The Bazadaise is a traditional draught breed of the Pyrénées and the Gironde, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. It is thought to result from inter-breeding of local cattle of Aquitaine with others of Spanish origin. It is named for the town of Bazas in the Gironde, and is still strongly associated with it: an annual festival, the Fête des Boeufs Gras, is held each year in Bazas to celebrate and present the Bazadaise and its meat, which is heavily marbled and renowned for its tenderness and flavour.[5]:118[6]
A herd-book for the Bazadaise was established on 31 July 1896.[5]:118 The breed was formerly numerous: there were about 60 000 head in 1940. In the years after the Second World War, the mechanisation of agriculture and more extensive cultivation of cereal crops in the region both contributed to a rapid decline in numbers. By 1970 only 700 cows remained, and efforts to recover and conserve the breed began. In 2013 there were about 3400 cows, in more than 140 farms.[4]:124
The Bazadaise has been exported to Australia, Chile, Spain and the United Kingdom. Exported stock has been both raised pure-bred, and used for cross-breeding.[5]:119
Characteristics
The Bazadaise is uni-coloured grey, with some variations due to sex and age. The skin is black, the muzzle and mucous areas pale.[5]:120 The horns are incurved and often down-turned;[2] they are waxy yellow at the base, black at the tips.[5]:120
Use
The Bazadaise was traditionally a draught breed, used for tasks such as hauling cut wood from the forest.[5]:118 It is now raised for beef. The meat is heavily marbled and is renowned for its tenderness and flavour.[5]:118 It may be marketed under the Label Rouge denominations "Boeuf de Bazas" and "Boeuf de Chalosse". Carcass yield is high; in bullocks, it is some 63–65%.[5]:121
References
- ↑ Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Accessed November 2016.
- 1 2 Étude de la race bovine: Bazadaise (in French). Bureau des Ressources Génétiques. Archived 8 March 2009.
- 1 2 3 4 Breed data sheet: Bazadaise/France. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed November 2016.
- 1 2 Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Marie Dervillé, Stéphane Patin, Laurent Avon (2009). Races bovines de France: origine, standard, sélection (in French). Paris: Éditions France Agricole. ISBN 9782855571515.
- ↑ Fête des bœufs gras (in French). Son d'Aquí. Région Aquitaine. Accessed November 2016.