Banjo Paterson

Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson
CBE

Banjo Paterson
Born (1864-02-17)17 February 1864
"Narrambla", near Orange,
New South Wales, Australia
Died 5 February 1941(1941-02-05) (aged 76)
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Occupation Author,
journalist,
composer,
Clerk,
poet
Spouse(s) Alice Walker[1]
The Gladesville cottage Rockend, where Paterson lived in the 1870s and 1880s

Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson, CBE[2] (17 February 1864 – 5 February 1941)[3] was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author. He wrote many ballads and poems about Australian life, focusing particularly on the rural and outback areas, including the district around Binalong, New South Wales, where he spent much of his childhood. Paterson's more notable poems include "Waltzing Matilda", "The Man from Snowy River" and "Clancy of the Overflow".

Biography

Andrew Barton Paterson was born at the property "Narrambla", near Orange, New South Wales, the eldest son of Andrew Bogle Paterson, a Scottish immigrant from Lanarkshire, and Australian-born Rose Isabella Barton,[3] related to the future first Prime Minister of Australia Edmund Barton.[4] Paterson's family lived on the isolated Buckinbah Station near Yeoval NSW[5] until he was five when his father lost his wool clip in a flood and was forced to sell up.[6] When Paterson's uncle John Paterson died, his family took over John Paterson's farm in Illalong, near Yass, close to the main route between Melbourne and Sydney. Bullock teams, Cobb and Co coaches and drovers were familiar sights to him. He also saw horsemen from the Murrumbidgee River area and Snowy Mountains country take part in picnic races and polo matches, which led to his fondness of horses and inspired his writings.[3]

Paterson's early education came from a governess, but when he was able to ride a pony, he was taught at the bush school at Binalong. In 1874 Paterson was sent to Sydney Grammar School, performing well both as a student and a sportsman. During this time, he lived in a cottage called Rockend, in the suburb of Gladesville. The cottage is now listed on the Register of the National Estate. He left the prestigious school at 16 after failing an examination for a scholarship to University of Sydney. He went on to become a law clerk with a Sydney-based firm headed by Herbert Salwey and was admitted as a solicitor in 1886.[7]

In the years he practised as a solicitor, Paterson also started a writing career. From 1885, he began submitting and having poetry published in the The Bulletin, a literary journal with a nationalist focus. His earliest work was a poem criticising the British war in the Sudan, which also had Australian participation. Over the next decade, the influential journal provided an important platform for Paterson's work, which appeared under the pseudonym of "The Banjo", the name of his favourite horse.[8] As one of its most popular writers through the 1890s, he formed friendships with other significant writers in Australian Literature, such as E.J. Brady, Harry Breaker Morant and Henry Lawson. In particular, Paterson became engaged in a friendly rivalry of verse with Lawson about the allure of bush life.[9]

Paterson became a war correspondent for The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age during the Second Boer War, sailing for South Africa in October 1899. His graphic accounts of the relief of Kimberley, surrender of Bloemfontein (the first correspondent to ride in) and the capture of Pretoria attracted the attention of the press in Britain.[3] He also was a correspondent during the Boxer Rebellion, where he met George "Chinese" Morrison and later wrote about his meeting.[3] He was editor of the Sydney Evening News (1904–06) and of the Town and Country Journal (1907–08).[10]

In 1908 after a trip to the United Kingdom he decided to abandon journalism and writing and moved with his family to a 40,000-acre (160 km2) property near Yass.[6]

In World War I, Paterson failed to become a correspondent covering the fighting in Flanders, but did become an ambulance driver with the Australian Voluntary Hospital, Wimereux, France. He returned to Australia early in 1915 and, as an honorary vet, travelled on three voyages with horses to Africa, China and Egypt. He was commissioned in the 2nd Remount Unit, Australian Imperial Force on 18 October 1915,[3] serving initially in France where he was wounded and reported missing in July 1916 and latterly as commanding officer of the unit based in Cairo, Egypt. He was repatriated to Australia and discharged from the army having risen to the rank of major in April 1919.[11] His wife had joined the Red Cross and worked in an ambulance unit near her husband.[6]

Just as he returned to Australia, the third collection of his poetry, Saltbush Bill JP, was published and he continued to publish verse, short stories and essays while continuing to write for the weekly Truth.[6] Paterson also wrote on rugby league football in the 1920s for the Sydney Sportsman.[12]

Paterson died of a heart attack in Sydney on 5 February 1941 aged 76. Paterson's grave, along with that of his wife, is in the Northern Suburbs Memorial Gardens and Crematorium, Sydney.

Personal life

On 8 April 1903 he married Alice Emily Walker, of Tenterfield Station, in St Stephen's Presbyterian Church, in Tenterfield, New South Wales.[13] Their first home was in Queen Street, Woollahra. The Patersons had two children, Grace (born in 1904) and Hugh (born in 1906).

Works

Cover to Paterson's seminal 1905 collection of bush ballads, entitled Old Bush Songs
John Longstaff's portrait of Banjo Paterson, winner of the 1935 Archibald Prize
Bridge named after Banjo Paterson near Illalong

The publication of The Man from Snowy River and five other ballads in The Bulletin made 'The Banjo' a household name.[14] In 1895, Angus & Robertson published these poems as a collection of Australian verse. The book sold 5000 copies in the first four months of publication.[15]

In 1895, Paterson headed north to Dagworth station near Winton, Queensland. Travelling with fiancée, Sarah Riley, they met with her old school friend, Christina Macpherson, who had recently attended a race at Warrnambool in Victoria. She had heard a band playing a tune there, which became stuck in her head and replayed it for Paterson on the autoharp. The melody also resonated with him and propelled him to write "Waltzing Matilda" [16] While there has been much debate about what inspired the words, the song became one of his most his widely known and sung ballads.[17]

In addition, he wrote the lyrics for songs with piano scores, such as The Daylight is Dying [18] and Last Week.[19] These were also published by Angus & Robertson between the years 1895 to 1899. In 1905, the same publishers released Old Bush Songs, a collection of bush ballads Paterson had been assembling since 1895.[20]

Although for most of his adult life, Paterson lived and worked in Sydney, his poems mostly presented a highly romantic view of the bush and the iconic figure of the bushman. Influenced by the work of another Australian poet John Farrell, his representation of the bushman as a tough, independent and heroic underdog became the ideal qualities underpinning the national character.[21] His work is often compared to the prose of Henry Lawson, particularly the seminal work, "The Drover's Wife", which presented a considerably less romantic view of the harshness of rural existence of the late 19th century.

Paterson authored two novels; An Outback Marriage (1906) and The Shearer's Colt (1936), wrote many short stories; Three Elephant Power and Other Stories (1917), and wrote a book based on his experiences as a war reporter; Happy Dispatches (1934). He also wrote a book for children The Animals Noah Forgot (1933)

Contemporary recordings of many of Paterson's well known poems have been released by Jack Thompson,[22] who played Clancy in the 1982 film adaptation of "The Man from Snowy River". While having no connection to the movie, an Australian television series of the same name was broadcast in the 1990s.

Media reports in August 2008 stated that a previously unknown poem had been found in a war diary written during the Boer War.[23]

Legacy

Banjo Paterson's image appears on the $10 note, along with an illustration inspired by "The Man From Snowy River" and, as part of the copy-protection microprint, the text of the poem itself.

In 1981 he was honoured on a postage stamp issued by Australia Post.[24]

A. B. Paterson College, at Arundel on the Gold Coast, Australia, is named after Paterson.

The A. B. "Banjo" Paterson Library at Sydney Grammar School was named after Paterson.

The Festival of Arts in Orange, New South Wales, presents a biennial Banjo Paterson Award for poetry and one-act plays and there is also an annual National Book Council Banjo Award.

A privately owned 47-year-old Wooden Diesel vessel from Carrum, Victoria, was christened with the name Banjo Paterson and coincidentally, runs regularly up and down the Patterson River.

In 1983 a rendition of 'Waltzing Matilida' by country-and-western singer Slim Dusty was the first song broadcast by astronauts to Earth.[25]

He topped the list of The Greatest of All - Our 50 Top Australians published in The Australian on 27 June 2013.

Bibliography

Collections

Selected individual works

References

  1. ↑ The Verse of A.B. (Banjo) Paterson Australian Bush Poetry, Verse & Music; Accessed on 6 June 2007
  2. ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 34585. p. 15. 30 December 1938.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Clement Semmler (1988). "Paterson, Andrew Barton (Banjo) (1864–1941)". Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 11. MUP. pp. 154–157. Archived from the original on 16 March 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2008.
  4. ↑ Percival Serle (1949). "Paterson, Andrew Barton (1864–1941)". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Angus & Robertson. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
  5. ↑ Yeoval Community Website
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Bard of the Bush". The Daily Mirror. Truth and Sportsman Ltd. 20 June 1956. p. 21.
  7. ↑ Semmler, Clement. "Andrew Barton (Banjo) Paterson". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  8. ↑ "A.B. 'Banjo' Paterson". Australian Poetry Library. Australian Poetry Library. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  9. ↑ Semmler, Clement. "Andrew Barton (Banjo) Paterson". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  10. ↑ Australian Writers, L. J. Blake, Rigby Limited, 1968
  11. ↑ "Paterson, Andrew Barton Service Records Item no 4028776". National Archives of Australia. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
  12. ↑ Headon, David (October 1999). "Up From the Ashes: The Phoenix of a Rugby League Literature" (PDF). Football Studies Volume 2, Issue 2. Football Studies Group. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
  13. ↑ Banjo Paterson-His Life, Tenterfield Tourism
  14. ↑ Semmler, Clement (2007). Banjo Paterson: Collected Verse. Penguin Books. p. 4. ISBN 9780140146219.
  15. ↑ "Series 02 Volume 195: A.B. Paterson - The Man from Snowy River and other verses, ca. 1895". State Library of New South Wales Catalogue. State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  16. ↑ Parker, Derek (2009). The man who wrote Waltzing Maltilda. Woodslane Press. pp. 35–36. ISBN 9781921606076.
  17. ↑ Semmler, Clement (2007). Banjo Paterson: Collected Verse. Penguin. p. 5. ISBN 9780140146219.
  18. ↑ "The daylight is dying [music]". State Library of New South Wales Catalogue. State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  19. ↑ "Last week [music]: song". State Library of New South Wales. State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  20. ↑ "A.B. 'Banjo' Paterson". Australian Poetry Library. Australian Poetry Library. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  21. ↑ "A.B. 'Banjo' Paterson". Australian Poetry Library. Australian Poetry Library. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  22. ↑ finepoets.com
  23. ↑ Campion, Vikki (18 August 2008). "Poet's works discovered in war diary". The Courier-Mail.
  24. ↑ "Australia Post website". Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  25. ↑ Top 10 iconic Banjo Paterson Ballads, Australian Geographic, 17 February 2014

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