Angiokeratoma

Angiokeratoma
Classification and external resources
Specialty oncology, dermatology
ICD-10 D23 (ILDS D23.L74)
ICD-O M9141/0
DiseasesDB 31444
eMedicine article/1056046
MeSH D000794

Angiokeratoma is a benign cutaneous lesion of capillaries, resulting in small marks of red to blue color and characterized by hyperkeratosis. Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum refers to Fabry's disease,[1] but this is usually considered a distinct condition.

Classification

Angiokeratoma may be classified as:

Signs and symptoms

Multiple, small, blue to red papules on the scrotum
Angiokeratoma of Fordyce

Presentation includes telangiectasia, acanthosis, and hyperkeratosis.[5]

Presentation can be solitary or systemic.[6]

Diagnosis

Due to the rarity of different types of vascular conditions, angiokeratomas may be misdiagnosed. A biopsy of the lesion can produce a more accurate diagnosis.

Pathophysiology

Histology

Angiokeratomas characteristically have large dilated blood vessels in the superficial dermis and hyperkeratosis (overlying the dilated vessels).

Complications

In some instances nodular angiokeratomas can produce necrotic tissue and valleys that can harbor fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Infections can include staphylococcus. If the lesion becomes painful, begins draining fluids or pus, or begins to smell, consult a physician. In these instance a doctor may recommend excision and grafting.

Treatment

Outpatient treatments such as interventional radiology, lasers, and physical therapy are employed to reduce the severity of the vascular lesions. However, in some cases lasers have caused a reaction in the tissue causing it to expand and become exposed to infection. Excision and grafting may be necessary to remove the lesion. Recovery time on such an operation ranges from 3 to 12 weeks depending on location of the graft, healing time and the possibility of complications.

See also

References

  1. Trickett R, Dowd H (October 2006). "Angiokeratoma of the scrotum: a case of scrotal bleeding". Emerg Med J. 23 (10): e57. doi:10.1136/emj.2006.038745. PMC 2579622Freely accessible. PMID 16988295.
  2. Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
  4. Mibelli's disease II @ Who Named It
  5. "angiokeratoma" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  6. Sion-Vardy N, Manor E, Puterman M, Bodner L (January 2008). "Solitary angiokeratoma of the tongue" (PDF). Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 13 (1): E12–4. PMID 18167473.
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