Aigre

Aigre
Town hall
Coat of arms
Aigre
Location within Nouvelle-Aquitaine region  Aigre
Coordinates: 45°53′42″N 0°00′40″E / 45.895°N 0.011°E / 45.895; 0.011Coordinates: 45°53′42″N 0°00′40″E / 45.895°N 0.011°E / 45.895; 0.011
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Charente
Arrondissement	Confolens
Canton	Aigre
Intercommunality	Pays d'Aigre
Government
• Mayor (2008–2020)	Jean-Paul Ayrault
Area1	6.59 km2 (2.54 sq mi)
Population (2010)2	1,076
• Density	160/km2 (420/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
INSEE/Postal code	16005 / 16140
Elevation	62–129 m (203–423 ft) (avg. 68 m or 223 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Aigre ( pronunciation ) is a commune in the Charente department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aigrinois or Aigrinoises^[1]

The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.^[2]

Geography

Location and access

Aigre is located in the north-west of the Charente department 40 kilometres north of Angoulême. The town lies within the borders of the former provinces of Angoumois, Saintonge, and Poitou.

The department of Charente is not served by the French motorway network so access by the A10 autoroute is by National Route N10 at Exit  30  Poitiers-Sud in the north and by the former National Route N739 from Exit 34, Saint-Jean-d'Angely in the west.

The commune is traversed by three former national roads: the D739 which connects Tonnay-Charente to Fontafie, the D736 which connects Ruffec to Saint-Fort-sur-le-Né, and the D737 which connects Nanteuil to Angouleme.^[3]

The local railway station is Luxé station on the Paris-Bordeaux line. It is served by the TER Poitou-Charentes network and the TGV passes without stopping. The Saint-Angeau to Segonzac line once passed through Aigre.

The nearest airport is the Angoulême-Cognac Airport.^[4]

Hamlets and localities

The main hamlets are L'Ouche and Saint-Méxant to the north-west. The commune has only a few isolated farms such as La Combe and Cessac and the subdivision of La Broussette and the Castle of Crève-Cœur in the west. In the south-east there are La Servanterie, the college zone of Reuclos and Aizef at their limits with Marcillac-Lanville are essentially joined to the urban core.^[3]

Neighbouring communes and villages

	Oradour	Germeville	Les Granges
	Verdille		Villejesus
		Aigre
	Mons	Marcillac-Lanville	Aizet

Geology and terrain

The geology of the commune is limestone from the Jurassic period, part of the Aquitaine Basin as with all the northern half of Charente. The commune is on an Upper Jurassic area, specifically the Kimmeridgian. A small area of sandy soil dating from the Quaternary period covers the plateau in the south-west of the commune and alluvium (silt and clay) cover the Aume Valley on the north-eastern border. The oldest alluvium has accumulated in terraces mainly in the north of the commune.^[5][6][7][8]

The south of the commune is a plateau. The Aume Valley is near the north-eastern border near the town. The highest point of the commune is at an altitude of 129m located on the south-eastern boundary (IGN marker). The lowest point is 62m located on the eastern boundary along the Aume at Aizef. The town is built in an old loop of the river and is 65m above sea level.^[3]

Hydrography

Aigre is traversed by the river Aume which has its source in Bouin (Deux-Sèvres) and flows into the Charente river at Ambérac. The Aume passes through the town which is built mainly on the right bank.

The Aume divides into several branches, some of which pass through the old town.

There are also some fountains such as the Font du Geau at the foot of the Crève-Cœur Castle.^[3]

Climate

Aigre has an oceanic Aquitaine climate but like all the department underwent Cyclone Lothar and Martin in 1999, and Cyclone Klaus in 2009, and a memorable flood in December 1982.

Toponymy

Aigre comes from the Latin Acriacis or villa Acriacii meaning that the village was built around the property of a rich Gallo-Roman named Acrius. At the end of the 13th century Aigre appears in the form Acriacis then Agria in the 17th century.^[9]

History

There is mention of a church in the 13th century.

Nothing is left of a Castle located at a place called Saint-Mexant which was the subject of fortification works in 1472 except the dovecote, the enclosure, and the moat in 1906. The chapel built before 1706 has also been destroyed.^[10]

Aigre belonged to the Lordship of Marcillac and was a very poor vicarage of the archpriest of Ambérac. It was vacant and annexed to Mons from the 15th century. In 1789, a priest for Aigre was finally provided.

Marie de Medici stopped over in Aigre in 1619.

In the 16th century a large part of the population became part of the reformation and together with Marcillac formed a Protestant parish of the Synod of Poitou. Protestantism was prohibited in Marcillac in 1665 then on 31 March 1667 a decision of the grand Seneschal of Poitou ordered the closure of the Protestant place of worship in Aigre.^[11]

Heraldry

Blazon: Or, a bend sinister of azure charged with a bunch of grapes surmounted by an ear of corn at sinister 2 ears of wheat in bouquet, the whole of Or debruised at dexter by a snail the same shelled azure, the whole accompanied at sinister by 13 Gouttes set in an arc: 4 in chief azure, 3 on bend of Or, and 6 at sinister azure.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Aigre^[12]

From	To	Name	Party	Position
2001	2008	Philippe Combaud	SE	Insurer
2008	2020	Jean-Paul Ayrault	SE	Agricultural technician

(Not all data is known)

Taxation

Taxation is a rate of 16.05% on buildings, 49.81% on undeveloped land, 7.13% for residence tax, and business tax of 11.48% (2007 rates).

The Community of communes levies 2.61% on buildings, 6.06% on undeveloped land, 1.09% for residence tax, and business tax of 1.45%.

Twinning

Aigre has twinning associations with:^[13]

• Fahrenkrug (Germany) since 1987.

Demography

In 2009 the commune had 1,087 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.^{[Note 1]}

Population Change (See database)

1793	1800	1806	1821	1831	1836	1841	1846	1851
1,310	1,428	1,383	1,423	1,564	-	1,662	1,688	1,755

1856	1861	1866	1872	1876	1881	1886	1891	1896
1,689	1,812	1,846	1,762	1,770	1,678	1,578	1,510	1,453

1901	1906	1911	1921	1926	1931	1936	1946	1954
1,374	1,406	1,449	1,343	1,310	1,208	1,210	1,188	1,177

1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2009	-
1,243	1,150	1,165	1,166	1,176	1,141	-	1,087	-

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Distribution of Age Groups

Percentage Distribution of Age Groups in Aigre and Charente Department in 2009

	Aigre	Aigre	Charente	Charente
Age Range	Men	Women	Men	Women
0 to 14 Years	15.2	10.6	17.3	15.5
15 to 29 Years	11.0	8.8	16.4	14.4
30 to 44 Years	16.2	13.8	19.2	18.5
45 to 59 Years	19.9	16.5	22.2	21.5
60 to 74 Years	22.5	19.6	15.8	16.2
75 to 89 Years	14.4	24.4	8.6	12.3
90 Years+	0.8	6.3	0.5	1.6

Sources:

• Evolution and Structure of the population of the Commune in 2009, INSEE.
• Evolution and Structure of the population of the Department in 2009, INSEE.

It is clear that the population is elderly, especially for women.

Economy

The Wheat mill, called the Moulin du Château dates from the 18th century and was converted in the 19th century to using the driving force of the water for the workshop for making Angelus liqueur.

Currently, it has become the Gautier distillery^[14] which in 1990 employed 32 people at the plant and 20 in sales.^[15]

Cognac Gautier joined the Berger group in 1975 which was itself taken over by the Marie Brizard group in 1995.

Facilities, services, and local life

Education

The secondary college of Osme hosts 180-200 students from the 6th to the 3rd divided into eight classes.^[16]

Aigre also has a primary school with four classes.^[17]

Services

As the capital of the Canton, Aigre has a police station and a rescue centre.

• 

  The Rescue Centre

• 

  The Tourist Information Centre

Sports

Cycling

The cycling track is located in the town. The club is called ACJAR^[18] and they organize several amateur races in the north-west of Charente such as the Criterium of Villejésus and the Tour of Aigre country. In 2010, the club organized, with the French federation of wheelchair sports, the championship of France of for wheelchair cycling in the commune of Saint-Fraigne.

The town had already been traversed by the Tour de France but in 2009 for the first time it held the 1st stage in the 23rd Tour du Poitou-Charentes and the victory of Anthony Ravard on 25 August 2009. The start of the second stage took place the next day at Rouillac.

Bicycle touring has increased since the CC Aigrinois organized a biennial event called the Coco Trainaud whose last event was held on 15 May 2011. It is named after a former rider who has done a lot for local cycling.

Football

Soccer is a major sport in the commune with a club founded in 1902 that participated in the USFSA championship of Charentes before the First World War. Thereafter the club has long been at the regional level and was in 1968 the winner of the Challenge of the Central-West League.^[19]

Sites and Monuments

Civil heritage

The commune has several sites that are registered as historical monuments:

There is a large Private Collection of registered historical objects in the commune. For a complete list of these items with links to descriptions (in French) click here.

Religious Heritage

The commune has two religious sites that are registered as historical monuments:

• A Chapel at Saint Mexant (17th century)^[30]
• The Parish Church of Saint Pierre (1875).^[31] The church was first built in 1620 then rebuilt in 1868 but collapsed in 1870 and was rebuilt again from 1874 to 1877. The bell tower spire was completed in masonry in 1882. The church contains a number of items that are registered as historical objects:
  • A Bronze Bell called Marie Louise (1807)^[32]
  • An Altar and Tabernacle (19th century)^[33]
  • An Altar and Tabernacle (19th century)^[34]
  • An Altar and Tabernacle (19th century)^[35]
  • 2 Stained glass windows: Saint Louis and Saint Radegonde (1876)^[36]
  • 3 Stained glass windows of people (1876)^[37]
  • A Portal (19th century)^[38]

Environmental heritage

Aigre is located on the Aume river.

• 

  The canal

• 

  The Gardens

• 

  The Delicatessen

Notable People linked to the commune

• Paul Flamand, founder of Editions du Seuil was born in Aigre
• Louis Gustave Chauveaud, botanist and anatomist was born in Aigre
• Bertrand Hériard Dubreuil, a graduate of the Ecole Centrale de Lille, head of Ceras
• René François Gautier, born 25 April 1851 in Aigre, died 30 August 1936 in Paris, son of Louis Gautier MP for Charente who resigned in 1880. Reelected in 1881 then defeated in 1885, he recovered his seat from 1893 to 1898 as a Bonapatist in the "Appeal to the people" group. He was a councilor in the Canton of Aigre.

See also

• Communes of the Charente department
• Cantons of the Charente department
• Arrondissements of the Charente department

Notes

1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 , the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For municipalities with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these municipalities is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

External links

• Aigre in the old National Geographic Institute website (French)
• Aigre Country website (French)
• Aigre on charente.ruffec.free.fr (French)
• Aigre on Lion1906
• Aigre on the 1750 Cassini Map
• Aigre on the INSEE website (French)
• INSEE (French)

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