431
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 4th century · 5th century · 6th century |
| Decades: | 400s · 410s · 420s · 430s · 440s · 450s · 460s |
| Years: | 428 · 429 · 430 · 431 · 432 · 433 · 434 |
| 431 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 431 CDXXXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1184 |
| Assyrian calendar | 5181 |
| Bengali calendar | −162 |
| Berber calendar | 1381 |
| Buddhist calendar | 975 |
| Burmese calendar | −207 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5939–5940 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚午年 (Metal Horse) 3127 or 3067 — to — 辛未年 (Metal Goat) 3128 or 3068 |
| Coptic calendar | 147–148 |
| Discordian calendar | 1597 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 423–424 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4191–4192 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 487–488 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 352–353 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3531–3532 |
| Holocene calendar | 10431 |
| Iranian calendar | 191 BP – 190 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 197 BH – 196 BH |
| Javanese calendar | 315–316 |
| Julian calendar | 431 CDXXXI |
| Korean calendar | 2764 |
| Minguo calendar | 1481 before ROC 民前1481年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1037 |
| Seleucid era | 742/743 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 973–974 |
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Year 431 (CDXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Bassus and Antiochus (or, less frequently, year 1184 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 431 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
- Flavius Aetius, Roman general (magister militum), fights a campaign in Rhaetia (Switzerland) and Noricum (Austria). He is attested in the city of Vindelicia (modern Augsburg), reestablishing Roman rule on the Danube frontier.
- Aetius pushes the Salian Franks back across the River Somme. King Chlodio signs a peace treaty and becomes a foederati of the Western Roman Empire.
Africa
- Hippo Regius becomes the capital of the Vandal Kingdom. After 14 months of hunger and disease, the Vandals ravage the city. Emperor Theodosius II sends an imperial fleet with an army under command of Aspar, and lands at Carthage.
- Aspar is routed by the Vandals and Flavius Marcian, future Byzantine emperor, is captured during the fighting. He negotiates a peace with King Genseric and maintains imperial authority in Carthage.
Mesoamerica
- K'uk' B'alam I, the first known ruler of the Mayan city of Palenque, comes to power.[1]
By topic
Arts and Sciences
- Greek Neoplatonist philosopher Proclus begins studying at the Academy in Athens.
Religion
- June – First Council of Ephesus: Nestorianism is rejected, the Nicene creed is declared to be complete. Nestorius is deposed from his see.
- October 1 – Maximianus is enthroned as Patriarch of Constantinople.
- Pope Celestine I dispatches Palladius to serve as bishop to the Irish.
Births
- Anastasius I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (approximate date)
Deaths
- June 22 – Paulinus of Nola, Christian bishop and poet (b. 354)
- Qifu Mumo, prince of the Chinese Xianbei state Western Qin
References
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