1975 Pacific typhoon season

1975 Pacific typhoon season

Season summary map
First system formed	January 21, 1975
Last system dissipated	December 30, 1975
Strongest storm1	June – 875 hPa (mbar), 295 km/h (185 mph) (1-minute sustained)
Total depressions	25
Total storms	20
Typhoons	14
Super typhoons	3
Total fatalities	>229,160
Total damage	> $1.2 billion (1975 USD)
1Strongest storm is determined by lowest pressure
Pacific typhoon seasons 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977

The 1975 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1975, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1975 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

Some of the notable storms here are Typhoon Nina, which caused the Banquiao Dam flood, which resulted in approximately 229,000 people dead, and Super Typhoon June, which was the strongest storm on record with a pressure of 875 mbar, until beaten by Typhoon Tip in 1979 with 870 mbar.

Storms

25 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 20 became tropical storms. 14 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 3 reached super typhoon strength.^[1]

Typhoon Lola (Auring)

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	January 21 – January 28
Peak intensity	130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min)  975 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Lola (Auring) was a very early typhoon. It made landfall on Mindanao as a minimal typhoon on January 24 and transversed the southern Philippines as a tropical storm. Lola crossed the South China Sea before stalling in the open sea and dissipating on January 28. The typhoon caused 30 casualties from mudslides and heavy rain.

Tropical Depression 02W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	April 22 – April 28
Peak intensity	45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min)  1005 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Mamie

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	July 26 – July 30
Peak intensity	75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Nina (Bebeng)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	July 30 – August 6
Peak intensity	250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min)  900 hPa (mbar)

Nina was a short-lived but rapidly intensifying typhoon. After forming on July 30, it struck Taiwan at super typhoon intensity. It stayed a typhoon during its passage over the island, causing 25 fatalities and widespread damage. It emerged into the Formosa Strait and weakened to a tropical storm. Nina headed inland. Its moisture interacted with a cold front, causing a huge amount of rainfall. The rainfall contributed to the bursting of the Banqiao Dam, causing the deaths of around 200,000 people.

Tropical Depression 05W (Karing)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	August 5 – August 7
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)

Typhoon Ora (Diding)

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 9 – August 15
Peak intensity	120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Phyllis (Etang)

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 11 – August 18
Peak intensity	220 km/h (140 mph) (1-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

Phyllis struck the southern part of Japan on August 17 as a minimal typhoon, having weakened from a peak of 140 mph winds. Phyllis caused over 60 casualties, with landslides and flooding causing moderate to heavy damage.

Typhoon Rita

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 17 – August 24
Peak intensity	150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min)  965 hPa (mbar)

Rita formed August 17 and erratically headed north and affected the Ryūkyū Islands. Rita then made landfall on Shikoku as a moderately strong Category 1 typhoon. It moved along the entire length of Japan, weakening to a depression. Rita strengthened back into a tropical storm over the Kuril Islands— an unusually northerly location— before dissipating on August 24. At least 26 deaths can be attributed to this typhoon from the heavy flooding— the worst in 10 years.

Tropical Storm Susan

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	August 25 – September 3
Peak intensity	95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Tess

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	September 1 – September 10
Peak intensity	175 km/h (110 mph) (1-min)  945 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Viola (Gening)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	September 4 – September 8
Peak intensity	85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min)  995 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Winnie

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	September 8 – September 12
Peak intensity	120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min)  980 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Alice (Herming)

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	September 15 – September 21
Peak intensity	140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Betty (Ising)

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	September 17 – September 24
Peak intensity	175 km/h (110 mph) (1-min)  950 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Cora (Luding)

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	September 30 – October 9
Peak intensity	195 km/h (120 mph) (1-min)  945 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Doris

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	October 2 – October 7
Peak intensity	100 km/h (65 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Elsie (Mameng)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	October 8 – October 15
Peak intensity	250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min)  900 hPa (mbar)

This storm ultimately hit Hong Kong.

Tropical Depression 18W (Neneng)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	October 15 – October 17
Peak intensity	45 km/h (30 mph) (10-min)  1002 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Flossie

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	October 19 – October 23
Peak intensity	130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

Flossie struck the extreme southern part of China at Category 1 intensity. 44 people were lost from 2 freighters sinking.

Tropical Storm Grace (Oniang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	October 24 – November 4
Peak intensity	110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Helen (Pepang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	November 1 – November 4
Peak intensity	85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Ida

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	November 5 – November 14
Peak intensity	155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min)  950 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon June (Rosing)

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	November 15 – November 24
Peak intensity	295 km/h (185 mph) (1-min)  875 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon June was the strongest storm of the season, but it had no effect on land. At the time, June was the strongest typhoon on record, and tropical cyclone worldwide, with a minimum central pressure of 875 millibars. June was also the first recorded case of a typhoon with triple eyewalls.^[2]

Tropical Depression 24W (Sisang)

Tropical depression (PAGASA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	December 26 – December 30
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min)

Tropical Depression 25W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	December 26 – December 30
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min)

1975 storm names

Western North Pacific tropical cyclones were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The first storm of 1975 was named Lola and the final one was named June.

See also

• 1975 Pacific hurricane season
• 1975 Atlantic hurricane season

References

1. ↑ 1975 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS
2. ↑ Shanmin, Chen (1987). "Preliminary analysis on the structure and intensity of concentric double-eye typhoons". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 4 (1): 113–118. Bibcode:1987AdAtS...4..113C. doi:10.1007/BF02656667. 

External links

• Japan Meteorological Agency
• Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
• China Meteorological Agency
• National Weather Service Guam
• Hong Kong Observatory
• Macau Meteorological Geophysical Services
• Korea Meteorological Agency
• Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
• Taiwan Central Weather Bureau
• Digital Typhoon - Typhoon Images and Information
• Typhoon2000 Philippine typhoon website