110th United States Congress

110th United States Congress


109th ←	→ 111th
United States Capitol (2007)
Duration: January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009

Senate President:	Dick Cheney (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem:	Robert Byrd (D)
House Speaker:	Nancy Pelosi (D)
Members:	100 Senators 435 Representatives 5 Non-voting members
Senate Majority:	Democratic (coalition)
House Majority:	Democratic

Sessions
1st: January 4, 2007 – December 19, 2007 2nd: January 3, 2008 – January 3, 2009^[1]

The One Hundred Tenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, between January 3, 2007, and January 3, 2009, during the last two years of the second term of President George W. Bush. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The apportionment of seats in the House was based on the 2000 U.S. census.

The Democratic Party controlled a majority in both chambers for the first time since the end of the 103rd Congress in 1995. Although the Democrats held fewer than 50 Senate seats, they had an operational majority because the two independent senators caucused with the Democrats for organizational purposes. No Democratic-held seats had fallen to the Republican Party in the 2006 elections.^[2] Democrat Nancy Pelosi became the first woman Speaker of the House.^[3] The House also received the first Muslim (Keith Ellison)^[4]^[5] and Buddhist (Hank Johnson and Mazie Hirono)^[6] members of Congress.

Major events

Members debated initiatives such as the Democrats' 100-Hour Plan and the Iraq War troop surge of 2007.^[7]^[8]^[9]

President Bush delivered the 2007 State of the Union Address on January 23, 2007

President Bush delivered the 2008 State of the Union Address on January 28, 2008

Support for the Iraq War

Following President Bush's 2007 State of the Union Address, Congress debated his proposal to create a troop surge to increase security in Iraq. The House of Representatives passed a non-binding measure opposing the surge and then a $124 billion emergency spending measure to fund the war, which included language that dictated troop levels and withdrawal schedules. President Bush, however, vetoed the bill as promised, making this his second veto while in office. Both houses of Congress subsequently passed a bill funding the war without timelines, but with benchmarks for the Iraqi government and money for other spending projects like disaster relief.

Other events

January 23, 2007: President Bush delivered the 2007 State of the Union Address
August 2, 2007: The Republican minority disputed the results of a vote to recommit. This led to an investigation by the House Select Committee on Voting Irregularities.^[10]
December 18, 2007: The Senate set a record for the most cloture votes.^[11]
January 2008: Start of the Great Recession
January 28, 2008: President Bush delivered the 2008 State of the Union Address
September 15, 2008 The precipitation of global financial crisis intensifies a recession that began in January.
November 4, 2008: General elections - Democrats increased their congressional majorities and Senator Barack Obama was elected President.

Major legislation

Contents: Enacted • Pending or failed • Vetoed

These are partial lists of prominent enacted legislation and pending bills.

See also: 2008 Congressional Record, Vol. 154, Page D845 , Resume of Congressional Activity

Enacted

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 110th United States Congress

February 2, 2007 — House Page Board Revision Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–2, 121 Stat. 4
May 25, 2007 — U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007, Pub.L. 110–28, 121 Stat. 112, including Title VIII: Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007, 121 Stat. 188
June 14, 2007 — Preserving United States Attorney Independence Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–34, 121 Stat. 224
July 26, 2007 — Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–49, 121 Stat. 246
August 3, 2007 — Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–53, 121 Stat. 266
August 5, 2007 — Protect America Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–55, 121 Stat. 552
September 14, 2007 — Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, Pub.L. 110–81, 121 Stat. 735
November 8, 2007 — Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–114, 121 Stat. 1041 - Veto Overridden
December 19, 2007 — Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–140, 121 Stat. 1492
February 13, 2008 — Economic Stimulus Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–185, 122 Stat. 613
May 21, 2008 — Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, Pub.L. 110–233, 122 Stat. 881
May 22, 2008 — Food and Energy Security Act of 2007 (2007 Farm Bill), Pub.L. 110–234, 122 Stat. 923 - Veto Overridden
June 30, 2008 — Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–252, 122 Stat. 2323, including Title V: Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 ("G.I. Bill 2008")
July 10, 2008 — FISA Amendments Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–261, 122 Stat. 2436
July 29, 2008 — Tom Lantos Block Burmese JADE (Junta's Anti-Democratic Efforts) Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–286, 122 Stat. 2632
July 30, 2008 — Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–289, 122 Stat. 2654

House in Salinas, California under foreclosure, following the bursting of the U.S. real estate bubble.

October 3, 2008 — Public Law 110-343 (Pub.L. 110–343), 122 Stat. 3765, including:
- Div. A: Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, H.R. 1424;
- Div. B: Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008; and
- Div. C: Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008
October 15, 2008 — Pub.L. 110–430: Setting the beginning of the first session of the 111th Congress and the date for counting Electoral College votes, 122 Stat. 4846
December 19, 2008 — Pub.L. 110–455: A Saxbe fix, reducing the compensation and other emoluments attached to the office of Secretary of State to that which was in effect on January 1, 2007: allowing Hillary Clinton to serve as Secretary of State despite the Emoluments Clause of the United States Constitution.

More information: Public Laws for the 110th Congress and Complete index of Public and Private Laws for 110th Congress at GPO

Proposed, but not enacted

in (alphabetical order)

Vetoed

Treaties ratified

110-1: Land-Based Sources Protocol to Cartagena Convention (September 25, 2008)
110-2: Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks (December 7, 2007)
110-3: Tax Convention with Belgium (December 14, 2007)
110-4: International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (September 25, 2008)
110-6: Amendment to Convention on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (September 25, 2008)
110-8: Protocols of 2005 to the Convention concerning Safety of Maritime Navigation and to the Protocol concerning Safety of Fixed Platforms on the Continental Shelf (September 25, 2008)
110-9: Protocol of Amendments to Convention on International Hydrographic Organization (July 21, 2008)
110-11: Extradition Treaty with Romania and Protocol to the Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters with Romania (September 23, 2008)
110-12: Extradition Treaty with Bulgaria and an Agreement on Certain Aspects of Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters with Bulgaria (September 23, 2008)
110-13: International Convention on Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships, 2001 (September 26, 2008)
110-14: International Convention Against Doping in Sport (July 21, 2008)
110-15: Protocol Amending 1980 Tax Convention with Canada (September 23, 2008)
110-16: Amendments to the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) (September 25, 2008)
110-17: Tax Convention with Iceland (September 23, 2008)
110-18: Tax Convention with Bulgaria with Proposed Protocol of Amendment (September 23, 2008)
110-20: Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 on Accession of Albania and Croatia (September 25, 2008)

Select committees

Hearings

Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy hearings - (House and Senate Judiciary Committees)

Party summary

Senate

Democratic Party: 49 members.

Republican Party: 49 members.

Independents: 2 members.

Membership changed with one death and two resignations.

	Democratic	Independent	Republican		Vacant
Affiliation	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)			Total

End of previous Congress	44	1	55	100	0

Begin	49	2^[12]^[13]	49	100	0
June 4, 2007	48	99	1
June 25, 2007	49	100	0
December 18, 2007	48	99	1
December 31, 2007	49	100	0
November 16, 2008	49	48	99	1
Final voting share	50.5%	49.5%

Beginning of the next Congress	55	2	41	98	2

House of Representatives

Membership at the beginning of the 110th Congress:

Democratic Party: 233 members.

Republican Party: 202 members.

Membership fluctuated with seven deaths and eight resignations. Democrats achieved a net gain of three seats as a result of their victories in special elections. See Changes in membership, below.

Affiliation	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)		Total

	Democratic	Republican		Vacant
End of previous Congress	203^[14]	229	432	3

Begin	233	202	435	0
February 13, 2007	201	434	1
April 22, 2007		232	433	2
July 1, 2007		231	432	3
July 17, 2007	202	433	2
August 21, 2007	202	232	434	1
September 5, 2007	201	433	2
October 10, 2007	200	432	3
October 16, 2007	200	233	433	2
November 26, 2007	199	432	3
December 11, 2007	201	434	1
December 15, 2007	201	232	433	2
December 31, 2007	200	432	3
January 14, 2008	199	431	4
February 2, 2008	198	430	5
February 11, 2008		231	429	6
March 8, 2008		232	430	5
March 11, 2008		233	431	4
April 8, 2008		234	432	3
May 3, 2008	235	199	434	1
May 13, 2008	236		435	0
May 31, 2008	235		434	1
June 17, 2008	236		435	0
August 20, 2008	235		434	1
November 18, 2008	236		435	0
November 24, 2008	198	434	1
January 2, 2009	198	235	433	2
Final voting share	54.3%	45.7%
Non-voting members	4	1	5	0

Beginning of next Congress	256	178	434	1

Leadership

[ Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R) ]

Senate

Senate President
Dick Cheney (R)

Senate President pro tempore
Robert Byrd (D)

President of the Senate:^[15] Dick Cheney (R)
President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D)
President pro tempore emeritus: Ted Stevens (R)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Majority Leader and Democratic Conference Chairman:^[16] Harry Reid
Assistant Majority Leader (Majority Whip): Richard Durbin
Democratic Conference Vice Chairman and Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Charles Schumer
Democratic Conference Secretary: Patty Murray
Democratic Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan
Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee Chair: Debbie Stabenow
Democratic Committee Outreach Chairman: Jeff Bingaman
Democratic Committee Outreach Vice Chair: Hillary Clinton
Democratic Rural Outreach Chair: Blanche Lincoln
Chief Deputy Whip: Barbara Boxer
Deputy Whips: Thomas Carper, Bill Nelson, Russell D. Feingold

Minority (Republican) leadership

Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell
Assistant Minority Leader (Minority Whip): Trent Lott, until December 18, 2007
- Jon Kyl, from December 18, 2007
Counselor to the Minority Leader: Robert Bennett
Republican Conference Chairman: Jon Kyl, until December 18, 2007
- Lamar Alexander, from December 18, 2007
Republican Policy Committee Chairman: Kay Bailey Hutchison
Republican Conference Vice Chair: John Cornyn
National Republican Senatorial Committee Chair: John Ensign

House of Representatives

House Speaker
Nancy Pelosi (D)

Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D)
Assistant to the Speaker: Xavier Becerra

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Members

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators are listed by state, then by class.

Illinois

2. Dick Durbin (D)
3. Barack Obama (D), until November 16, 2008, vacant thereafter

Indiana

1. Richard Lugar (R)
3. Evan Bayh (D)

Iowa

2. Tom Harkin (D)
3. Chuck Grassley (R)

Kansas

2. Pat Roberts (R)
3. Sam Brownback (R)

Kentucky

2. Mitch McConnell (R)
3. Jim Bunning (R)

Louisiana

2. Mary Landrieu (D)
3. David Vitter (R)

Maine

1. Olympia Snowe (R)
2. Susan Collins (R)

Maryland

1. Ben Cardin (D)
3. Barbara Mikulski (D)

Massachusetts

1. Ted Kennedy (D)
2. John Kerry (D)

Michigan

1. Debbie Stabenow (D)
2. Carl Levin (D)

Minnesota

1. Amy Klobuchar (D)
2. Norm Coleman (R)

Mississippi

1. Trent Lott (R), until December 18, 2007^[17]
- Roger Wicker (R), from December 31, 2007^[18]
2. Thad Cochran (R)

Missouri

1. Claire McCaskill (D)
3. Kit Bond (R)

Montana

1. Jon Tester (D)
2. Max Baucus (D)

Nebraska

1. Ben Nelson (D)
2. Chuck Hagel (R)

Nevada

1. John Ensign (R)
3. Harry Reid (D)

New Hampshire

2. John E. Sununu (R)
3. Judd Gregg (R)

New Jersey

1. Bob Menendez (D)
2. Frank Lautenberg (D)

New Mexico

1. Jeff Bingaman (D)
2. Pete Domenici (R)

New York

1. Hillary Clinton (D)
3. Chuck Schumer (D)

North Carolina

2. Elizabeth Dole (R)
3. Richard Burr (R)

North Dakota

1. Kent Conrad (D)
3. Byron Dorgan (D)

Ohio

1. Sherrod Brown (D)
3. George Voinovich (R)

Oklahoma

2. Jim Inhofe (R)
3. Tom Coburn (R)

Oregon

2. Gordon Smith (R)
3. Ron Wyden (D)

Pennsylvania

1. Bob Casey, Jr. (D)
3. Arlen Specter (R)

Rhode Island

1. Sheldon Whitehouse (D)
2. Jack Reed (D)

South Carolina

2. Lindsey Graham (R)
3. Jim DeMint (R)

South Dakota

2. Tim Johnson (D)
3. John Thune (R)

Tennessee

1. Bob Corker (R)
2. Lamar Alexander (R)

Texas

1. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R)
2. John Cornyn (R)

Utah

1. Orrin Hatch (R)
3. Robert Bennett (R)

Vermont

1. Bernie Sanders (I)
3. Patrick Leahy (D)

Virginia

1. Jim Webb (D)
2. John Warner (R)

Washington

1. Maria Cantwell (D)
3. Patty Murray (D)

West Virginia

1. Robert Byrd (D)
2. Jay Rockefeller (D)

Wisconsin

1. Herb Kohl (D)
3. Russ Feingold (D)

Wyoming

1. Craig Thomas (R), until June 4, 2007
- John Barrasso (R), from June 22, 2007^[19]
2. Mike Enzi (R)

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 110th Congress in January 2007

2 Democrats

1 Democrat and 1 Republican

2 Republicans

1 Independent and 1 Democrat

Senators in the 110th Congress

Senate Majority Leader
Harry Reid (D)

Senate Minority Leader
Mitch McConnell (R)

Senate Majority Whip
Dick Durbin (D)

Senate Minority Whip, until December 18, 2007
Trent Lott (R)

Senate Minority Whip, from December 18, 2007
Jon Kyl (R)

House of Representatives

Further information: List of United States Congressional districts

Contents

Alabama

Alaska

At-large. Don Young (R)

Arizona

Arkansas

California

1. Mike Thompson (D)
2. Wally Herger (R)
3. Dan Lungren (R)
4. John Doolittle (R)
5. Doris Matsui (D)
6. Lynn Woolsey (D)
7. George Miller (D)
8. Nancy Pelosi (D)
9. Barbara Lee (D)
10. Ellen Tauscher (D)
11. Jerry McNerney (D)
12. Tom Lantos (D), until February 11, 2008
- Jackie Speier (D), from April 8, 2008
13. Pete Stark (D)
14. Anna Eshoo (D)
15. Mike Honda (D)
16. Zoe Lofgren (D)
17. Sam Farr (D)
18. Dennis Cardoza (D)
19. George Radanovich (R)
20. Jim Costa (D)
21. Devin Nunes (R)
22. Kevin McCarthy (R)
23. Lois Capps (D)
24. Elton Gallegly (R)
25. Howard McKeon (R)
26. David Dreier (R)
27. Brad Sherman (D)
28. Howard Berman (D)
29. Adam Schiff (D)
30. Henry Waxman (D)
31. Xavier Becerra (D)
32. Hilda Solis (D)
33. Diane Watson (D)
34. Lucille Roybal-Allard (D)
35. Maxine Waters (D)
36. Jane Harman (D)
37. Juanita Millender-McDonald (D), until April 22, 2007
- Laura Richardson (D), from August 21, 2007
38. Grace Napolitano (D)
39. Linda Sánchez (D)
40. Edward R. Royce (R)
41. Jerry Lewis (R)
42. Gary Miller (R)
43. Joe Baca (D)
44. Ken Calvert (R)
45. Mary Bono (R)
46. Dana Rohrabacher (R)
47. Loretta Sanchez (D)
48. John Campbell (R)
49. Darrell Issa (R)
50. Brian Bilbray (R)
51. Bob Filner (D)
52. Duncan Hunter (R)
53. Susan Davis (D)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

At-large. Michael N. Castle (R)

Florida

Georgia

1. Jack Kingston (R)
2. Sanford Bishop (D)
3. Lynn Westmoreland (R)
4. Hank Johnson (D)
5. John Lewis (D)
6. Tom Price (R)
7. John Linder (R)
8. Jim Marshall (D)
9. Nathan Deal (R)
10. Charlie Norwood (R), until February 13, 2007
- Paul Broun (R), from July 17, 2007
11. Phil Gingrey (R)
12. John Barrow (D)
13. David Scott (D)

Hawaii

1. Neil Abercrombie (D)
2. Mazie Hirono (D)

Idaho

1. William Sali (R)
2. Michael K. Simpson (R)

Illinois

1. Bobby Rush (D)
2. Jesse Jackson, Jr. (D)
3. Dan Lipinski (D)
4. Luis Gutierrez (D)
5. Rahm Emanuel (D), until January 2, 2009,^[20] vacant thereafter
6. Peter Roskam (R)
7. Danny K. Davis (D)
8. Melissa Bean (D)
9. Janice D. Schakowsky (D)
10. Mark Steven Kirk (R)
11. Jerry Weller (R)
12. Jerry Costello (D)
13. Judy Biggert (R)
14. Dennis Hastert (R), until November 26, 2007
- Bill Foster (D), from March 8, 2008
15. Timothy V. Johnson (R)
16. Donald Manzullo (R)
17. Philip Hare (D)
18. Ray LaHood (R)
19. John Shimkus (R)

Indiana

1. Pete Visclosky (D)
2. Joe Donnelly (D)
3. Mark Souder (R)
4. Steve Buyer (R)
5. Dan Burton (R)
6. Mike Pence (R)
7. Julia Carson (D), until December 15, 2007
- André Carson (D), from March 11, 2008
8. Brad Ellsworth (D)
9. Baron Hill (D)

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

1. Bobby Jindal (R), until January 14, 2008
- Steve Scalise (R), from May 3, 2008
2. William J. Jefferson (D)
3. Charlie Melancon (D)
4. Jim McCrery (R)
5. Rodney Alexander (R)
6. Richard H. Baker (R), until February 2, 2008
- Don Cazayoux (D), from May 3, 2008
7. Charles Boustany (R)

Maine

1. Tom Allen (D)
2. Mike Michaud (D)

Maryland

1. Wayne Gilchrest (R)
2. Dutch Ruppersberger (D)
3. John Sarbanes (D)
4. Albert Wynn (D), until May 31, 2008
- Donna Edwards (D), from June 17, 2008
5. Steny Hoyer (D)
6. Roscoe Bartlett (R)
7. Elijah Cummings (D)
8. Chris Van Hollen (D)

Massachusetts

1. John Olver (D)
2. Richard Neal (D)
3. Jim McGovern (D)
4. Barney Frank (D)
5. Marty Meehan (D), until July 1, 2007
- Niki Tsongas (D), from October 16, 2007
6. John Tierney (D)
7. Ed Markey (D)
8. Mike Capuano (D)
9. Stephen Lynch (D)
10. Bill Delahunt (D)

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

1. Roger Wicker (R), until December 31, 2007
- Travis Childers (D), from May 13, 2008
2. Bennie Thompson (D)
3. Chip Pickering (R)
4. Gene Taylor (D)

Missouri

Montana

At-large. Denny Rehberg (R)

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

1. Carol Shea-Porter (D)
2. Paul Hodes (D)

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

At-large. Earl Pomeroy (D)

Ohio

1. Steve Chabot (R)
2. Jean Schmidt (R)
3. Michael R. Turner (R)
4. Jim Jordan (R)
5. Paul Gillmor (R), until September 5, 2007
- Bob Latta (R), from December 11, 2007
6. Charlie Wilson (D)
7. Dave Hobson (R)
8. John A. Boehner (R)
9. Marcy Kaptur (D)
10. Dennis J. Kucinich (D)
11. Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D), until August 20, 2008
- Marcia Fudge (D), from November 18, 2008
12. Pat Tiberi (R)
13. Betty Sutton (D)
14. Steve LaTourette (R)
15. Deborah Pryce (R)
16. Ralph S. Regula (R)
17. Tim Ryan (D)
18. Zack Space (D)

Oklahoma

1. John Sullivan (R)
2. Dan Boren (D)
3. Frank Lucas (R)
4. Tom Cole (R)
5. Mary Fallin (R)

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

1. Patrick J. Kennedy (D)
2. James Langevin (D)

South Carolina

South Dakota

At-large. Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (D)

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

At-large. Peter Welch (D)

Virginia

1. Jo Ann Davis (R), until October 6, 2007
- Rob Wittman (R), from December 11, 2007
2. Thelma Drake (R)
3. Robert C. Scott (D)
4. Randy Forbes (R)
5. Virgil Goode (R)
6. Bob Goodlatte (R)
7. Eric Cantor (R)
8. Jim Moran (D)
9. Rick Boucher (D)
10. Frank Wolf (R)
11. Thomas M. Davis (R), until November 24, 2008, vacant thereafter

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

At-large. Barbara Cubin (R)

Non-voting members

American Samoa. Eni Faleomavaega (D)
District of Columbia. Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)
Guam. Madeleine Bordallo (D)
Puerto Rico. Luis G. Fortuño (Resident Commissioner) (R and PNP), until January 2, 2009, vacant thereafter
Virgin Islands. Donna Christian-Christensen (D)

Initial percentage of members of the House of Representatives from each party by state at the opening of the 110th Congress in January 2007.

Percentage of members of the House of Representatives (as of May 13, 2008) from each party by state.

House Majority Leader
Steny Hoyer (D)

House Minority Leader
John Boehner (R)

House Majority Whip
Jim Clyburn (D)

House Minority Whip
Roy Blunt (R)

Changes in membership

Senate

There were two resignations and one death.

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Wyoming (1)	Craig Thomas (R)	Died June 4, 2007	John Barrasso (R)	June 22, 2007^[19]
Mississippi (1)	Trent Lott (R)	Resigned December 18, 2007^[17]	Roger Wicker (R)	December 31, 2007^[18]^[19]
Illinois (3)	Barack Obama (D)	Resigned November 16, 2008 to focus on his transition as President-elect of the United States^[21]	Vacant until the next Congress

House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date successor seated
Georgia 10th	Charlie Norwood (R)	Died February 13, 2007. A special election was held June 19, 2007	Paul Broun (R)	July 17, 2007
California 37th	Juanita Millender-McDonald (D)	Died April 22, 2007^[22] A special election was held August 21, 2007	Laura Richardson (D)	August 21, 2007
Massachusetts 5th	Marty Meehan (D)	Resigned July 1, 2007, to become Chancellor of University of Massachusetts Lowell. A special election was held October 16, 2007	Niki Tsongas (D)	October 16, 2007
Ohio 5th	Paul Gillmor (R)	Died September 5, 2007. A special election was held November 6, 2007	Bob Latta (R)	December 11, 2007
Virginia 1st	Jo Ann Davis (R)	Died October 6, 2007. A special election was held December 11, 2007	Rob Wittman (R)	December 11, 2007
Illinois 14th	Dennis Hastert (R)	Resigned November 26, 2007. A special election was held March 8, 2008	Bill Foster (D)	March 8, 2008
Indiana 7th	Julia Carson (D)	Died December 15, 2007. A special election was held March 11, 2008	André Carson (D)	March 11, 2008
Mississippi 1st	Roger Wicker (R)	Resigned December 31, 2007, when appointed U.S. Senator. A special election was held May 13, 2008	Travis Childers (D)	May 13, 2008
Louisiana 1st	Bobby Jindal (R)	Resigned January 14, 2008 to become Governor of Louisiana. A special election was held May 3, 2008	Steve Scalise (R)	May 3, 2008
Louisiana 6th	Richard Baker (R)	Resigned February 2, 2008 to become President of the Managed Funds Association. A special election was held May 3, 2008	Don Cazayoux (D)	May 3, 2008
California 12th	Tom Lantos (D)	Died February 11, 2008. A special election was held April 8, 2008	Jackie Speier (D)	April 8, 2008
Maryland 4th	Albert Wynn (D)	Resigned May 31, 2008, having lost re-nomination. A special election was held June 17, 2008	Donna Edwards (D)	June 17, 2008
Ohio 11th	Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D)	Died August 20, 2008. A special election was held November 18, 2008	Marcia Fudge (D)	November 18, 2008
Virginia 11th	Thomas M. Davis (R)	Resigned November 24, 2008^[23] in advance of his retirement.	Vacant until the next Congress
Illinois 5th	Rahm Emanuel (D)	Resigned January 2, 2009 to become White House Chief of Staff^[20]
Puerto Rico	Luis Fortuño (R and PNP)	Resigned January 2, 2009 to become Governor of Puerto Rico

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Anti-Value Added Tax Caucus
Afterschool Caucus
Americans Aboard Caucus
Armenian Caucus
Army Corps Reform Caucus
Appalachian Caucus
Bipartisan Disabilities Caucus
Biomedical Research Caucus
Building a Better America Caucus
Coalition for Autism Research and Education
Congressional 4-H Caucus
Congressional Addiction, Treatment and Recovery Caucus
Congressional Air Force Caucus
Congressional Anti-Terrorism Caucus
Congressional Arts Caucus
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus
Congressional Assyrian Caucus
Congressional Automotive Caucus
Congressional Azerbaijan Caucus
Congressional Battlefield Caucus
Congressional Bike Caucus
Congressional Bipartisan Cerebral Palsy Caucus
Congressional Biotechnology Caucus
Congressional Black Caucus
Congressional Boating Caucus
Congressional Border Caucus
Congressional Bourbon Caucus
Congressional Brazil Caucus
Congressional Career and Technical Education Caucus
Congressional Caucus for Bosnia
Congressional Caucus on Armenian Issues
Congressional Caucus on Central America
Congressional Caucus on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Congressional Caucus on Hellenic Issues
Congressional Caucus on India and Indian Americans
Congressional Caucus on Intellectual Property Promotion and Piracy Prevention
Congressional Caucus on the Judicial Branch
Congressional Caucus on Korea
Congressional Caucus on the Netherlands
Congressional Caucus on Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Americans
Congressional Caucus on Uganda
Congressional Caucus on U.S.-Lebanon Relations
Congressional Caucus on Youth Sports
Congressional Caucus to Fight and Control Methamphetamine
Congressional Children's Caucus
Congressional China Caucus
Congressional Climate Caucus
Congressional Coastal Caucus
Congressional Coast Guard Caucus
Congressional Complementary and Alternative Medicine Caucus
Congressional Constitution Caucus
Congressional Correctional Officers Caucus
Congressional Croatian Caucus
Congressional Cystic Fibrosis Caucus
Congressional Czech Caucus
Congressional Diabetes Caucus
Congressional Dietary Supplement Caucus
Congressional Emergency Medical Services Caucus
Congressional Entertainment Industries Caucus
Congressional Ethiopian-American Caucus
Congressional Explosive Ordnance Disposal Caucus
Congressional E-911 Caucus
Congressional Farmer Cooperative Caucus
Congressional Financial and Economic Literacy Caucus
Congressional Fire Services Caucus
Congressional Fitness Caucus
Congressional Food Safety Caucus

Congressional Former Mayors Caucus
Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus
Congressional Friends of Jordan Caucus
Congressional Friends of New Zealand Caucus
Congressional French Caucus
Congressional Global Health Caucus
Congressional Green Schools Caucus
Congressional Gulf of Mexico Caucus
Congressional Hearing Health Caucus
Congressional High Tech Caucus
Congressional Hispanic Caucus
Congressional Horse Caucus
Congressional House Manufacturing Caucus
Congressional HUBZone Caucus
Congressional Human Rights Caucus
Congressional Humanities Caucus
Congressional Immigration Reform Caucus
Congressional Insurance Caucus
Congressional Intelligent Transportation Systems Caucus
Congressional International Anti-Piracy Caucus
Congressional International Conservation Caucus
Congressional International Religious Freedom Caucus
Congressional Internet Caucus
Congressional Iraqi Women's Caucus
Congressional Israel Allies Caucus
Congressional Kidney Caucus
Congressional Labor and Working Families Caucus
Congressional Life Science Caucus
Congressional Management Caucus
Congressional Manufacturing Caucus
Congressional Medical Professionals Caucus
Congressional Men's Health Caucus
Congressional Mental Health Caucus
Congressional Mentoring Caucus
Congressional Mine Warfare Caucus
Congressional Mining Caucus
Congressional Missing and Exploited Children's Caucus
Congressional Mississippi River Caucus
Congressional Modeling and Simulation Caucus
Congressional Motorsports Caucus
Congressional Multiple Sclerosis Caucus
Congressional Nursing Caucus
Congressional Organic Caucus
Congressional Out of Poverty Caucus
Congressional Pakistan Caucus
Congressional Pediatric & Adult Hydrocephalus Caucus
Congressional Port Security Caucus
Congressional Portuguese-American Caucus
Congressional Prayer Caucus
Congressional Progressive Caucus
Congressional Real Estate Caucus
Congressional Rural Caucus
Congressional Rural Housing Caucus
Congressional Savings and Ownership Caucus
Congressional Scouting Caucus
Congressional Second Amendment Caucus
Congressional Serbian Caucus
Congressional Shipbuilding Caucus
Congressional Singapore Caucus
Congressional Ski and Snowboard Caucus
Congressional Smart Contracting Caucus
Congressional Soccer Caucus
Congressional Songwriters Caucus
Congressional Spina Bifida Caucus
Congressional Sportsmen's Caucus
Congressional Steel Caucus
Congressional Stop DUI Caucus
Congressional Submarine Caucus
Congressional Taiwan Caucus

Congressional Tibet Caucus
Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus
Congressional TRIO Caucus
Congressional United Kingdom Caucus
Congressional Urban Caucus
Congressional Victim's Rights Caucus
Congressional Vision Caucus
Congressional Waterways Caucus
Congressional Western Caucus
Congressional Wildlife Refuge Caucus
Congressional Wine Caucus
Congresswomen's Caucus
Congressional Zoo and Aquarium Caucus
Diversity and Innovation Caucus
Economic Competitiveness Caucus (House/Senate)
Financial and Economic Literacy Caucus
Friends of Job Corps Congressional Caucus
Friends of Scotland Caucus (House)
Friends of Norway Caucus
Friends of Switzerland Caucus
Future of American Media Caucus
Historic Preservation Caucus
Hong Kong Caucus
House Baltic Caucus
House Democratic Caucus
House Oceans Caucus
House Organic Caucus
House Recycling Caucus
House Rural Education Caucus
House Small Brewers Caucus
House Sugar Caucus
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Caucus
Hudson River Caucus
Hungarian American Caucus
India Caucus
Indonesia Caucus
International Conservation Caucus
International Workers Rights Caucus
Interstate 69 Caucus
Intelligent Transportation Caucus
Kenya Caucus
Law Enforcement Caucus
LGBT Equality Caucus
Liberty Caucus
Multiple Sclerosis Caucus
National Guard and Reserve Components Caucus
National Landscape Conservation System Caucus
National Marine Sanctuary Caucus
National Service Congressional Caucus
Navy-Marine Corps Caucus
New Democrat Coalition
North America's Supercorridor Caucus
Northern Border Caucus
Northeast-Midwest Congressional Coalition
Nuclear Issues Caucus
Out of Iraq Caucus
Passenger Rail Caucus
Patriot Act Reform Caucus
Pell Grant Caucus
Physics Caucus
Ports Caucus
Public Broadcasting Caucus
Public Service Caucus
Qatari-American Economic Strategic Defense, Cultural and Educational Partnership Caucus
Recording Arts and Sciences Congressional Caucus
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus
Research and Development Caucus
River of Trade Corridor Congressional Caucus
Sex and Violence in the Media Caucus
Shellfish Caucus
Silk Road Caucus
Special Operations Forces Caucus
State Maritime Academy Caucus
Sudan Caucus
TEX-21 Congressional Caucus
Unexploded Ordnance Caucus
U.S.-Afghan Caucus
U.S.-Mongolia Friendship Caucus
U.S.-New Zealand Congressional Caucus
Victory in Iraq Caucus
Youth Challenge Caucus
Zero Capital Gains Tax Caucus

Employees and legislative agency directors

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol:
- Alan M. Hantman, until February 2, 2007
- Stephen T. Ayers (acting), thereafter
Attending Physician of the United States Congress: John F. Eisold
Comptroller General of the United States: David M. Walker (until 2008), vacant (starting 2008)
Director of the Congressional Budget Office:
- until January: Donald B. Marron Jr.
- January 25, 2007-November 25, 2008: Peter R. Orszag
- starting November 25, 2008: Robert A. Sunshine (acting)
Librarian of Congress: James H. Billington
Public Printer of the United States: Robert C. Tapella

Senate

Chaplain: Barry C. Black
Curator: Diane K. Skvarla
Historian: Richard A. Baker
Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
Secretary: Nancy Erickson
Sergeant at Arms: Terrance W. Gainer
Secretary for the Majority:
- Martin P. Paone, until January 23, 2008
- Lula J. Davis, elected January 23, 2008^[25]
Secretary for the Minority: David J. Schiappa

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin
Chief Administrative Officer: Daniel P. Beard (February 15, 2007–End)^[26]
- James M. Eagen, III (through February 15, 2007)
Clerk:
- Karen L. Haas, until February 15, 2007
- Lorraine Miller, elected February 15, 2007^[26]
Historian: Robert V. Remini
Parliamentarian: John V. Sullivan
Reading Clerks: Mary Kevin Niland, Susan Cole, Paul Hays (until April 30, 2007)
Sergeant at Arms: Wilson Livingood
Inspector General: James J. Cornell

References

↑ Legislative Activities, via clerk.house.gov. Accessed April 25, 2009. Archived 2009-04-29.
↑ CBS News, Voters Usher Out Republicans
↑ Deirdre Walsh (January 4, 2007). "Pelosi becomes first woman House speaker". CNN.com. Archived from the original on January 6, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2007.
↑ ruthholladay.com - Andre Carson on identity and belief
↑ DAWN (Newspaper)
↑ Nash, Phil Tajitsu (November 24, 2006). "Washington Journal: Campaign 2006 In Review". AsianWeek. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Retrieved December 16, 2006.
↑ Espa, David (October 6, 2006). "Pelosi Says She Would Drain GOP 'Swamp'". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved January 2, 2007.
↑ Talev, Margaret (December 29, 2006). "Democratic majority to focus on 3-pronged plan". McClatchy-Tribune Information Services. Archived from the original on March 8, 2007. Retrieved January 2, 2007.
↑ Leader Staff Dennis Kucinich's Response To President Bush's Speech January 11, 2007 Cleveland Leader. Retrieved January 13, 2007
↑ Jackie Kucinich (September 28, 2007). "Select committee on 'stolen vote' issues findings". The Hill. Retrieved May 13, 2008.
↑ Bill Scher (December 19, 2007). "Record-Breaking Obstruction:How It Screwed You". Huffington Post. Retrieved December 24, 2007. ; "Record-Breaking Republican Obstructionism". Campaign for America's Future. Archived from the original on November 29, 2008. Retrieved January 6, 2009. ;"Senate Action on Cloture Motions". Retrieved October 22, 2012.
↑ Senators of the 110th Congress "Lieberman, Joseph I." United States Senate. Retrieved January 8, 2007
↑ Martin Kady II (November 15, 2006). "For Those of You Keeping Track at Home, It's Official ...". Congressional Quarterly. Retrieved November 20, 2006.
↑ Including one Independent who caucused with the Democrats
↑ The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate. See U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 3, Clause 4
↑ The Democratic Senate Majority Leader also serves as the Chairman of the Democratic Conference.
1 2 "Lott Officially Resigns, All Eyes Now on Barbour". Archived from the original on July 20, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
1 2 "Rep. Wicker Is Barbour's Choice". Washington Post. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
1 2 3 Senators of the United States 1789–2007: A Chronological list of Senators from the First Congress to the 111th Congress
1 2 Rahm Emanuel's resignation announcement, via Yahoo.com
↑ "Obama will resign Senate seat Sunday". Chicago Trubune. November 13, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.
↑ Rep. Millender-McDonald Dies of Cancer. Washington Post, April 22, 2007
↑ List of Vacancies, via Clerk.House.gov
↑ Although called a "caucus", it has the rank of committee.
↑ S.Res. 424, Electing Lula Johnson Davis Secretary for the Majority of the Senate
1 2 Election of Clerk of the House and Chief Administrative Officer 2007 Congressional Record, Vol. 153, Page H1671

External links

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
House History from the U.S. House of Representatives
Statistics & Lists from the U.S. Senate
Congressional Directory: Main Page, Government Printing Office Online. Detailed listings of many aspects of previous memberships and sessions of Congress.
Legislative information from Congress.gov at the Library of Congress
Name Pronunciation Guide to the 110th U.S. Congress from inogolo.com
House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 110th Congress, 2007 calendar (PDF).
House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 110th Congress, 2008 calendar (PDF).
Senate Session Calendar for the 110th Congress (PDF).
Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 110th Congress.
Official Congressional Directory for the 110th Congress.
Official Congressional Directory for the 110th Congress (Revised) (PDF).

United States Congresses (and year convened)

1 (1789)
2 (1791)
3 (1793)
4 (1795)
5 (1797)
6 (1799)
7 (1801)
8 (1803)
9 (1805)
10 (1807)

11 (1809)
12 (1811)
13 (1813)
14 (1815)
15 (1817)
16 (1819)
17 (1821)
18 (1823)
19 (1825)
20 (1827)

21 (1829)
22 (1831)
23 (1833)
24 (1835)
25 (1837)
26 (1839)
27 (1841)
28 (1843)
29 (1845)
30 (1847)

31 (1849)
32 (1851)
33 (1853)
34 (1855)
35 (1857)
36 (1859)
37 (1861)
38 (1863)
39 (1865)
40 (1867)

41 (1869)
42 (1871)
43 (1873)
44 (1875)
45 (1877)
46 (1879)
47 (1881)
48 (1883)
49 (1885)
50 (1887)

51 (1889)
52 (1891)
53 (1893)
54 (1895)
55 (1897)
56 (1899)
57 (1901)
58 (1903)
59 (1905)
60 (1907)

61 (1909)
62 (1911)
63 (1913)
64 (1915)
65 (1917)
66 (1919)
67 (1921)
68 (1923)
69 (1925)
70 (1927)

71 (1929)
72 (1931)
73 (1933)
74 (1935)
75 (1937)
76 (1939)
77 (1941)
78 (1943)
79 (1945)
80 (1947)

81 (1949)
82 (1951)
83 (1953)
84 (1955)
85 (1957)
86 (1959)
87 (1961)
88 (1963)
89 (1965)
90 (1967)

91 (1969)
92 (1971)
93 (1973)
94 (1975)
95 (1977)
96 (1979)
97 (1981)
98 (1983)
99 (1985)
100 (1987)

101 (1989)
102 (1991)
103 (1993)
104 (1995)
105 (1997)
106 (1999)
107 (2001)
108 (2003)
109 (2005)
110 (2007)

111 (2009)
112 (2011)
113 (2013)
114 (2015)
115 (2017)

United States Congress

Members and leaders

Members

Current	By length of service Freshmen Youngest members Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico Delegates Longest-serving members ever

Senate	Current by seniority by age Dean of the Senate Former senators Living Earliest serving Earliest living Expelled or censured Classes Born outside the U.S.

House	Current by seniority Dean of the House Former representatives Living Oldest living Earliest serving Expelled, censured, and reprimanded Deaths by year

Leaders

Senate	President (list) President pro tempore (list) Majority and minority leaders Assistant party leaders Democratic Caucus (Chair Secretary Policy Committee Chair) Republican Conference (Chair Vice-Chair Policy Committee Chair)

House	Speaker Leaders Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group Democratic Caucus Republican Conference

Districts

Caucuses,
women and
minorities

Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, and media

Powers	Article I Copyright Commerce (Dormant) Contempt of Congress Declaration of war Impeachment Naturalization "Necessary and Proper" Power of enforcement Taxing/spending

Privileges and benefits	Salaries Franking Immunity

Procedure	Act of Congress (list) Appropriation bill Blue slip Budget resolution Censure Closed sessions House Senate Cloture Concurrent resolution Continuing resolution Dear colleague letter Discharge petition Engrossed bill Enrolled bill Expulsion Joint resolution Joint session (list) Lame-duck session Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule) Multiple referral Procedures (House) Quorum call Reconciliation Rider Saxbe fix Sponsorship Suspension of the rules Unanimous consent Veto Line-item veto Pocket veto Veto override

Senate-specific	Advice and consent Classes Executive communication Executive session Filibuster Jefferson's Manual Senate Journal Morning business Nuclear option Presiding Officer Recess appointment Reconciliation Riddick's Senate Procedure Senate hold Senatorial courtesy Seniority Standing Rules Tie-breaking votes Traditions Treaty Clause

Committees	Chairman and ranking member Of the Whole Conference Discharge petition Hearings Markup Oversight List (Joint) List (House) List (Senate) Select and special Standing Subcommittees

Items	Gavels Mace of the House Seal of the Senate

History	Biographical Directory Divided government House Gerrymandering Party control Senate Senate election disputes Senatorial memoirs Representative memoirs

Media	C-SPAN Congressional Quarterly The Hill Politico Roll Call

Offices, employees, services, and the Capitol Complex

Legislative
offices

Offices

Senate	Curator Historical Library

House	Congressional Ethics Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations Interparliamentary Affairs Legislative Counsel Law Revision Counsel Library

Employees

Senate	Secretary Chaplain Curator Inspector General Historian Librarian Pages Parliamentarian Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper

House	Chaplain Chief Administrative Officer Clerk Doorkeeper Floor Operations Floor Services Chief Historian Pages (Page Board) Parliamentarian Postmaster Reading Clerk Sergeant at Arms

Library of
Congress

Government
Publishing Office

Capitol

Office
buildings

Senate	Dirksen Hart Mountains and Clouds Russell

House	Building Commission Cannon Ford Longworth O'Neill Rayburn

Other
facilities

Websites: House of Representatives; Senate

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110th United States Congress

Major events

Support for the Iraq War

Other events

Major legislation

Enacted

Proposed, but not enacted

Vetoed

Treaties ratified

Select committees

Hearings

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

Senate

House of Representatives

Committees

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees and legislative agency directors

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Membership lists

References

External links